影响孤独症主要照护者抑郁心理及育儿压力因素研究

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DOI：10.16424/j.cnki.cn32-1807/r.2025.04.003

[关键词]孤独症谱系障碍；主要照护者；抑郁;育儿压力[中图分类号]R749.94 [文献标志码]A [文章编号] 1674-7887（2025）04-0321-06

Research on the factors of depression and parenting stress of the primary caregivers of autism spectrum*

RENJiel**，XUChunxin，LYUMei，SHENMinl，2*** （'Shanghai Rehabilitation Center forDisabled Children，Shanghai 201411; ²Shanghai Children's Medical Center，Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine） [Abstract]Objective：To investigatethedepressionand parenting stress of the primarycaregiversofautism spectrum.Methods：Self-ratingdepressionscale（SDS）and parenting stressindex-short form（PSI-SF）wereused toevaluate the psychological statusof primarycaregivers.Theautism behaviorchecklist（ABC）asesedtheseverityofabnormalbehaviorofautism.The broadautism phenotype questionnaire（BAPQ）reflected thebroader autism phenotype（BAP）of primary caregivers.Pearsonand Spearmancorelation analysis and Multile Linear Regressionanalysis wereusedforanalyzingcorrelation.Result：Thescores of ABC，and BAPQ were significantly correlated with PSI-SF and SDS（ P <0.001）.The educational level， family income and health status of the caregiverswere significantly correlated with PSI-SF and SDS（ P <0.05）. There was a correlation between PSISF and SDS（ P <0.001），and the SDS score was one of the linear factors affecting PSI-SF（ P =0.014）. Spouse，friends，children， collages，spouse'srelatives，ocial groups，school，psychologicalcounselinginstitutionarethesocial influencingfactorsof SDS and PSI-SF（ P <0.05）. Conclusion： The abnormal behavior of autism，the physical health and cognitive flexibility of primary caregiverswereinfluencingfactorsofdepressionandparentingstressoftheprimarycaregivers.Mostof theprimarycaregivers reported positiveafirmationofsocialsupport，buttheystillfacedpressionfromthesociety，suggestingtheneedformoreupport and help.

[Key words] autism spectrum disorder; primary caregiver; depression; parenting stress

孤独症谱系障碍（autism spectrum disorder，ASD）是复杂的神经发育障碍性疾病，其核心症状主要表现为社会交往功能异常、兴趣狭隘及刻板行为，并常伴有感知觉异常以及多动、偏执、攻击等情绪行为问题，这些核心发育行为问题给ASD适应社会环境以及学习日常生活照料能力带来巨大挑战，同时对长期陪伴ASD的主要照护者而言也承担着巨大的经济负担及心理压力[3。（剩余9626字）