我国农业面源污染治理技术的演进与展望

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中图分类号：X71；X52 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672-2043（2025）08-1955-09 doi：10.11654/jaes.2025-0308

Evolution and prospects of agricultural non-point source pollution control technologies in China

HOUPengfu¹， ZHAO Xu²，XUE Lihong1*，YANG Linzhang

（1.KeyLaboratoryofAgroEnvironmentinDownstreamofYangtzePlainofMinistryofAgricultureandRuralAfais，Institutef AgriculturalsocEiotdofalii;siteof Chinese Academy of Sciences，Nanjing211135， China）

Abstract：Thispapersystematicalyreviewstheevolutionofagriculturalnon-pointsourcepolution（ANSP）controltechnologiesinCina andookforadtoeiovatieiosyicoporaigemeingteoliessuhsrtialintellgenceA）andtetetf things.Aretrospectiveanalysisidentifiedthattherelatedresearchbefore199Owasprimarilyfocusedontheoreticalandcognitive discusionsasedI1ticolosopodddressgn feldthatlackedtheoretcalgudane.Since2O21，theiterationofANSPcontroltechnologiesdrivenbymodeldecision-makingand inteligentquipntsoticablyeleratedNotablytesiveseahasonductedfrote99totelonriouspcts suchasfarmlandnutrientmanagement，drainageinterceptionandpurification，andwaterenvironmentrestorationHowever，the visualizationknowledgemapanalysisoftheliteraturekeywordsrevealednoclearclusteringofgovernancetechnologiesinthefield， highlightingthelackoftheoreticalguidanceduringthisperiod.Basedonthesefindings，theevolutionofANSPcontroltechnologiesin China can bedivided intofourstages：theemergenceandunderstandingof ANSPisses（197O—199O），theaccumulationof ANSP occurencetheoriesndsinglecontroltechnologies（991—21），thefomationofsystematiccontrolideasandtheoverallgoveance system（2011—2020），andtecnologicalinnovationdrivenbymodeldecision-makingandintellgentequipment（221—present）.Wih thecontinuedbreakthroughsinAI，futurefortsshouldfocusoninterdisciplinaryresearchinareassuchasreal-timeearlywaingnd tracingofpoltiosksracaldisiomakingfoltioonrol，lboatiepreveonndontrolofultipleat andthedevelopmentofautonomousdecision-making“ANSProbots".Teseefortswillfcilitatethe transformationofANSPgovernce from“pasive control” to“active prevention”，driving paradigm innovation of ANSP governance in China.

Keywords：agculturalnon-pointsourepolltion;governance technologies;intellgentdecision-making;artificialintellgnce

农业面源污染是指农业生产过程中化肥、农药、畜禽粪便等污染物对水体、空气及土壤造成的污染]。（剩余18178字）