近邻高压充水溶洞隧道爆破施工围岩损伤研究

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中图分类号：U455.6 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2097-3853（2025）03-0220-08

Abstract：This research aims to study the influence of high water-pressure karst cave on the stability of surrounding rock in tunnel blasting construction.Focused on the Longtan Village Tunnel project，it employs ANSYS/LS-DYNA software to construct a numerical model for tunnel blasting near neighboring high-pressure water-filled karst caves.Analyzing simulation results，the study finds outthe influence of therelative distance between the tunnel face and high-pressure karst caves，along with the effcts of varying cave sizes on surrounding rock damage.By establishing criteria derived from the trends in blasting-induced crack development for tunnel water bursting，the research determines the safety thickness of the water bursting prevention layer in the tunnel’s surrounding rock.The results reveal that，under the influence of high hydrostatic pressure and a constant cave size，the impact of caves on the tunnel diminishes gradually as the relative distance from the tunnel face increases.Additionaly，with a consistent relative distance，larger caves exert a more pronounced safety impact on the tunnel. Concurrntly，the study establishes the minimum water bursting prevention thickness of the tunnel surrounding rock based on whether the caves and the tunel face are penetrated by blasting-induced cracks.

Keywords： tunnel construction；blast cracks； water-filled caves；surrounding rock damage； anti-outburst thickness

我国西南地区多为岩溶地质，尤其是高压充水溶洞，在这种地质中近距离的隧道爆破，会产生潜在的突涌水风险，一旦隧道围岩在开挖及卸荷扰动下发生破裂，极易引发严重的突水事故[1]因此，近邻高压充水岩溶隧道的爆破施工安全已成为隧道建设者高度关注、亟待解决的热点问题之一。（剩余8111字）