平锻机模柄斜销紧固方式的相关计算及改进

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Calculation and improvement of the inclined pin fasteningmethod forthe punch shank in horizontal forging machine

ZHANGJin，HUANGLi，CHENXiaohui NanjingAutomotiveForgingCo.，Ltd.，Nanjing21oo33，Jiangsu，China

Abstract：To addressthe issue of punch shank rotation during the fastening process when using an inclined pin in vertical die parting horizontal forging machines.From a structural perspective，the relationships among the bevel angle of the punch shank，the bevelangle of the inclined pin，and the resulting rotationangle are analyzed，and the calculation formula for the rotation angle is derived.This formula is applicable to the design of upset forging diesfor non-rotational symmetric parts.Using this formula，the compensation angle for punch shank rotation can be conveniently calculated.Additionally，theangular tolerances of the inclined pin and punch shank bevel during manufacturing can be rationally determined based on the size of the forging section.The formula also aids in analyzingthe impactoffastening bevel wearon forging mismatch during long-term use，thereby supporting die life management，Furthermore，an improved punch shank fastening method is proposed. Its key feature is the replacement of traditional inclined pins or set screws with compression pins，while the punch shank still employs a bevel for secure fastening.Positioning between the punch holder， punch shank，and punch is achieved using keys and pins， ensuring no rotation of the punch shank during tightening.The improved method ofers advantages such as rapid asembly/disassembly，the diedesign is simple，and extended service lifeofboth the punch shank and compression pins.

Keywords：horizontal forgingmachine;non-rotationallysymmetric;punch shank;fastening method;rotationalangle

1序言

平锻机按夹紧滑块分模面的方向可分为两大类，即水平分模平锻机和垂直分模平锻机两种，常用于局部镦粗的长杆形锻件的生产[1]，尤其适合长轴类回转体锻件的生产，如汽车半轴锻件（见图1），在各类锻造技术手册中都将其作为经典范例来介绍平锻聚料规则和模具结构[2-4]。（剩余4521字）