大展弦比航空发动机叶片不平衡的四维量化方法研究

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中图分类号：V232.4 文献标志码：A文章编号：1006-0316（2025）12-0023-07

Abstract ∵ Traditional single-objective constraint methods has insuficient accuracy in calculating the imbalance ofhigh-aspect-ratio blades inaero-engines and neglectsmulti-dimensional imbalanceeffects.To adress the issue，this study proposes a multi-objective colaborative framework for imbalance calculation.A full-omain mass moment vector decomposition model is established based on a Cartesian coordinate system.This model overcomes the limitation of only considering radial forces，systematicallyquantifying imbalance components in threeorthogonal directions： radial （R），tangential（T），andaxial （A）.Four keyobjectivefunctions aredefined： resultant radial unbalance force within the rotational plane，maximum centrifugal force diference between opposing blade pairs，resultant radial-tangential coupled unbalance force，and equivalent radial loads on bearings induced by the dynamic unbalance moment resulting from axial mass distribution asymmetry.Case analysis demonstrates the folowing findings：（1）Theradial-tangential coupled imbalance magnitude is significantly higherthan the purelyradial imbalance，accompanied bya phaseshift，confirmingthe non-negligible contribution of the tangentialcomponent; （2）Dynamic imbalance generated solely by axial mass moment distribution asymmetry produces significant equivalent radial loads on the bearings; （3） The maximum mass moment difference between blade pairs highlights the necesity of pairwise balancing.This method accurately quantifies the four-dimensional indicators of rotor dynamic balancing，enhancing computational accuracy under high-speed operating conditions.It provides a clear multi-objective constraint basis for sequencing optimization algorithms such as genetic and antcolony algorithms.By optimizing the blade installation sequence to confine imbalance withinsafe thresholds，it effectively suppresses bearing alternating loads and rotor vibration，reduces fatigue damage risk，and significantly enhances the operational reliability of rotor systems equipped with high-aspect-ratio blades. It supports aero-engine dynamics design and maintenance practices.

Key words ∵ high aspect ratio ; unbalance force ; mass moment ; multi-dimensional ; vector decomposition

航空发动机作为飞行核心，其性能与可靠性至关重要。（剩余6365字）