2020年一2024年某三甲医院院内感染目标性监测及流行病学分析

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中图分类号：R378；R978.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1001-8751（2025）06-0428-09

Targeted Surveillance and Epidemiological Analysis of Nosocomial Infections in a Tertiary Hospital from 2020 to 2024

ZhengYuan-ming，ZhangBo，XuBing-bing，LiuWen-bo （AffiliatedDalianFriendshipHospitalofDalianMedicalUniversity，Dalian116001）

Abstract： ObjectiveTo understand the situation and epidemiological characteristics of hospital infection in DalianFriendship Hospitalinthepast5years，andtoprovidedatasupport forthe preventionandcontrolof hospital infection.MethodsThe hospital infectionsurveilance dataof inpatients from 2020 to 2024 should begathered. Theclinical distributionand epidemiology should be analyzed using WHONET56 and SPSS26.O software.The data should beorganized using Excel tables to track the incidence of hospital-acquired infections and the occurrence of multidrug-resistant organisms（MDRO） hospital-acquired infections in inpatients.ResultsA total of 144 490 inpatients were monitored，with462casesofospital ifectionccountingfor525episodesofhospitalinection，and 41 patients had more than one episode of hospital infection. The infection incidence rate was 0.36% （525/144 490）， showinga significant downward trend （P<0.005） ，with elderlypatientsbeingthemain groupaffected，and the highest incidence of hospital infection occurred in spring.Hospital infection was detected in 298 patients with 677 strains， mainlynegativebacteria （60.12%） .Among them， there were 125 cases of hospital infection caused by MDRO，with 174 episodes of infection， and the infection incidence rate was 0.12% ; 31 patients had multiple hospital infections. The most infected cases were inthe department of geriatrics （159），the highest infection incidence was inthe department ofneurology （1.46%） ，andthemost common siteof infectionwas therespiratory tract（ 56.19% ）.Conclusion Gramnegative bacteriaare the primarypathogens，therespiratorytractis thesiteofinfection，and theincidenceofhospital infections at Dalian Friendship Hospital hasbeen decliningrecentlymostlyinolder patients.The departments that experience the highest incidence are neurology and geriatrics.Understanding thesituation ofhospital infection and its epidemiological characteristics can help clinicians take corrsponding prevention and control measures for hospital infection.

Key words： pathogenic bacteria；multidrug-resistant bacteria；hospital infection;targeted surveilance; epidemiology；antibiotics

院内感染又名医院获得性感染（Hospital-acquiredinfection，HAI），是指患者在入院期间发生的感染，不包括入院前的感染，HAI是评估医疗服务与安全和医疗质量控制的重要指标之一[1-2]。（剩余10718字）