医院获得性菌血症患者血培养阳性致病菌及耐药性

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中图分类号：R378；R978.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1001-8751（2025）06-0420-08

Analysison Pathogenic Bacteria and Drug Resistance in Patients with Hospital Acquired Bacteremia

Yu （Xinhua Hospital afliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University SchoolofMedicine，Shanghai 200092）

Abstract： Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in patients diagnosed with hospital acquired bacteremia.MethodFrom January 2020 to December 2024，gather clinical information，pathogenic microorganisms，anddrug sensitivitytestresults frompatients whohaveacquiredbacteremia at our hospital.ResultsCollct a total of 972 blood culture positive pathogenic strains，including 499 Gram negative bacteria （51.34% ），400Grampositive bacteria （41.15%） ，and73fungi 7.51% ）.Thetop 5 detected strains WereKlebsiellapneumoniae 14.09% ，Staphylococcusepidermidis 9.88% ，Escherichiacoli 8.54% ，Staphylococcus aureus 5.97% ，and Enterococcus faecalis 5.86% . In terms of age distribution， patients aged <10 years （42.59%） and ⩾60 years （37.04% ）were the main ones.In terms of departmental distribution， the main departments were the surgical intensive care unit 15.43% ，pediatric digestive and nutrition department 13.58% ，pediatric emergency and critical care medical department 11.93% ，and neonatology department 9.05% .When it came to medication resistance，Klebsiella pneumoniae was more than 75% resistant to the majority of cephalosporin medicines among Gram-negative bacteria. The resistance rate of Escherichia coli to ampicillin was 85% ， and the resistance rate to some cephalosporin antibiotics was greater than 75% ；Acinetobacterbaumannii showeda 56.10% resistance rate to carbapenem antibiotics，but Klebsiella pneumoniae had a resistance rate of more than 50% . Among Gram positive bacteria， The detection rate of

MRSA was 46.81% ，and the resistance rate of Enterococcus faecalis was generally high. Conclusion In order for physicians to make informed antibioticchoices，itis essential tomonitor drug resistance and the distributionof blood culture-positive pathogenic bacteria in patients with hospital-acquired bacteremia.

Key Words： hospital acquired bacteremia;blood culture；pathogenic bacteria; drug resistance;antibiotics

病原微生物入侵血液会导致血流感染的发生，病死率较高，已成为全球重大的公共卫生问题[1-2]。（剩余10603字）