外来植物入侵的主要入侵假说及研究进展

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中图分类号：S718 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-2006（2026）01-0284-11

Abstract：With rapidglobal economicdevelopment，intensified changes inlandand oceanuse，and increased population mobility，the number of invasive alien species （IAS）continues to rise worldwide，posing increasingly severe threatstoecology，economies，andhuman health.Elucidating thedriversofsuccessful alienplantinvasions isessential forpreventingandcontrollplant invasionsandforrestoringaffectedecosystems.Inrecent years，several hypotheses regarding the mechanisms of IAS invasions have been proposed，including the Novel Weapons Hypothesisand the MutualismFacilitationHypothesis.Building upon established theoriesof plantinvasion，thisreviewsynthesizes the conceptual foundationsandresearchadvancementsrelatedtoDarwin'sNaturalization Conundrum.Itsystematically examines fourkeyaspectsof plantinvasion，including thefunctional traitsofalien plants，theirinteractions with native biota，theinvasibilityoflocalhabitats，andthesynergisticefectsofmultiplefactorsoninvasionsuccess.Finally，by identifying currnt limitations in alien plant invasion research，thereview proposes critical future directions：conducting morein-depth investigationsintothesynergisticinteractionsamong multipledrivers；promoting interdisciplinary integration and technological convergence；and expanding multi-scale dynamic studies.These appoachesare vital for achieving a comprehensiveunderstanding and refining the complex mechanisms underlying alien plant invasions.

Keywords：plant invasion hypothesis；invasive；synergy；invasion mechanism；the Darwin's Naturalization Conundrum

植物入侵已经成为全球性的重大生态安全问题，也是全球环境变化的重要组成部分[1]。（剩余31778字）