南亚热带典型森林土壤可交换性阳离子的垂直分布格局

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中图分类号：S714 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-2006（2026）01-0104-08

Abstract：【Objective】Thisstudyaims to explore the verticaldistributionpatterns of exchangeablecations in southern subtropical forest soilsand identifytheir potential influencing factors，soastoprovidetheoretical supportforthe conservationand sustainabledevelopmentof southernsubtropical forestecosystems.【Method】Threerepresentative southem subtropical forestsin theDinghushan National Nature Reserve，Guangdong Provincewere selectedfor this study.These forests includethe monson evergreenbroadleaved forest （broadleaved forest/primary forest），mixed Pinusmassoniana/broadleaved forest（mixed forest/secondary forest），and P .massoniana forest（pine forest/planted forest）. The exchangeable cations （ H+ ， Al3+ ， K+ ， Na+ ， Ca2+ ， Mg2+ and Fe3+ ），cation exchange capacity（CEC），aluminum saturation（Al-S），base saturation（BS），and pH indifferent soil layers[O，10），[10，20），[20，30），and［30， 40）cm of three forests were analyzed.【Result】The results indicated that pH was generally lower than 4.2，BSwasbelow 8% ，andAl-Swastypicallyhigher than 60% across the three forests.Along the soil profile，the concentrations of exchangeable cations，CEC，BS，and exchangeableacidity generalldecreased with increasing soildepth，while soil pH andAl-Sshowedanincreasing trend.Overall，the broadleaved forest hadsignificantlyhigher CEC，BS，Al-S，and exchangeable cation contents（except for H+ ）than the other two forests，but had lower soil pH. The mixed and coniferous forestsexhibited similar paterns in exchangeablecation distribution.【Conclusion】Inconclusion，thesouthem subtropical forestsof Chinaareacid-sensitiveecosystemscharacterizedbynutrient-poorsoilswithinanaluminum buferingsystem.Exchangeable cations arepredominantlyconcentrated inthe upper soil layers.Land-use history and its legacyeffectscontribute tothevarying soil acidification statusamong these threeforests.Given the global change，itis essentialtoprioritizethereplenishmentofkeycations likecalciumandmagnesium，rather thanfocusingsolelyon aluminum toxicity，in forest restoration and management efforts.

Keywords：southern subtropical forest；soil acidification；cation exchange capacity（CEC）；base saturation（BS）： land use；Dinghushan，Guangdong Province

土壤可交换性阳离子（soilexchangeablecations）是吸附在土壤胶体表面，能被土壤溶液中阳离子所交换的阳离子，对于理解土壤肥力、植物营养、生态系统健康和土壤管理等方面具有重要的参考意义。（剩余15757字）