表观遗传调控在孕期应激致子代认知障碍中的研究进展

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【中图分类号】R749.99 【文献标识码】A

【Abstract】With social development and increased life pressures， prenatal stress has become a significant physical and mental challenge for women during the perinatal period. Research indicates that prenatal stress may affect fetal developmental programming through epigenetic regulatory mechanisms，thereby interfering with neurodevelopment and increasing the risk of emotional disturbances， behavioral abnormalities，and cognitive impairments in ofspring. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation （DNAm）， histone modifications， and noncoding RNAs （ncRNAs） are likely to mediate the long-term effects of prenatal stress on offspring cognitive function. This article summarizes the mechanisms of epigenetic regulation in prenatal stress-induced cognitive impairments in offspring， with a focus on analyzing the associations of DNAm，histone modifications，and ncRNAs with cognitive deficits in offspring，aiming to provide references for the development of relevant clinical intervention strategies.

【Keywords】Prenatal stress; Epigenetics; Cognitive impairment; DNAm; Histone modifications; ncRNAs

孕期应激指女性在妊娠期至产后阶段，因消极事件、工作压力、疲劳等应激源，导致下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal，HPA）轴功能紊乱，引发机体内分泌、神经及免疫系统紊乱。（剩余15436字）