适宜机械打顶的烟草品种株型特征研究

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中图分类号：S572.01 文献标识码：A文章编号：1007-5119（2025）04-0001-08

Abstract： Toclarifythe plant morphologicalcharacteristics suitable formechanical topping，thisstudyanalyzed the plantstructure traits and mechanical topping performance of 14 major flue-cured tobacco varietiesin China.Thecorelation betweentopping performance and plant morphological traits was examined to identifytobaco varieties suitable formechanical topping.Theresults indicatedthatplanthight，cefcientofvariationinplanthight，stemcicumferece，numberofleaves，flowerbudhightupper leaf length，andtheanglebetwee the upper leaves andthestem werecloselyassciated withtopping performance.Theseindicators could fectivelypredict toppingperformance trough logisticregresionanalysis.Foroptimal mechanical topping，theflowering period should be relatively concentrated （from bud emergence to full bloom ⩽7 days），and the plant morphological traits should meet the following criteria：plant height ranging from 140 to 165cm ，coefficient of variation in plant height less than 5% ，stem circumference between 8.6 and 11.5cm ， number of leaves between 27 and 30， flower bud height greater than 39.8cm ，upper leaf length less than 61.8cm ，and the angles between the upper leaves and the stem and the leaf droop angle greater than 29.9∘ and 39.5∘ 0 respectively.Among the tested varieties，Zhongyan301and Zhongyan10l exhibitedthebesttoping performance withthetopping machine employed in this study.

Keywords： tobacco; mechanical topping; varieties; plant architecture characteristics

目前我国烟草种植仍主要依赖人工打顶，尽管人工打顶具有一定的灵活性和适应性，但其效率低、劳动强度大，在大规模种植的情况下，其局限性愈发明显[1]。（剩余12379字）