《火星生活》中的反乌托邦未来景观与技术祛魅

基金项目：本文系国家社科基金重大项目“流散文学与人类命运共同体研究”（21&ZD277）的阶段性成果。

作者简介：张涵，博士研究生，主要研究领域为英美文学。

Title：Dystopian Future Landscapes and Technological Disenchantment in Life on Mars

Abstract： Life on Mars is the third poetry collection of contemporary African American poet Tracy Smith. Embracing the genre of science fiction， Smith imagines a dystopian future in the high-tech era， with people holding silent parties in space.Smith's dystopian landscapes initially depict the ecological deterioration and social conflicts. Ranging from the messy living conditions to abnormal social interactions， the chaotic external environment suggests the disillusionment with utopian aspirations. These future landscapes also reflect the present， exposing the depletion of natural resources， violent crimes，racial discrimination，and other social contradictions in modern society.As the subject of constructing and shaping this dystopia， human beings encounter the mental crisis in the lack of belief，family ethical disorder，and collctive trauma within such chaotic environment. The uncontrollble spiritual landscapes have paralyzed human initiative， making the reconstruction of a utopia impossible.By imagining dystopia， Smith negates the utopian fantasy of modern society， reflects on reality through a virtual future， and exposes and criticizes the technological rationality that underpins the dystopia， as well as its domination and repression of humanity under technological enchantment.

Key words： Tracy Smith; future landscapes; dystopian future; technological rationality

Author： Zhang Han， is Ph.D. candidate at the School of Foreign Languages， Central China Normal University （Wuhan 43oo79， China）. Her major research area is British and American literature.E-mail： zhanghan_314 @ 163.com

非裔美国诗人特蕾西·史密斯（TracyK.Smith，1972-）是第22位美国桂冠诗人，她凭借诗集《火星生活》（LifeonMars，2011）获得2012年普利策诗歌奖。（剩余11934字）