东北地区落叶松林树种多样性和空间结构分析

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中图分类号：S718.54 文献标识码：A DOI：10.7525/j.issn.1006-8023.2025.03.006

Abstract：TheLarix gmelini forests isoneof the mostimportantforest types inNortheast China，playingacrucial role inmaintainingthestabilityoftheforest ecosystemintheregion.The woodyplants inthepermanent plotofLarixgmelini forestsinNortheast China were takenas theresearchobject.Through field plotinvestigation，diversityindexandspatial structurecharacteristicscalculation，combined withvariancepartitioning analysis and redundancyanalysis，this study exploredthecharacteristicsand influencing factors oftre species diversityinLarix gmelinii forests.Theresults showed that the average tree species richness of Larix gmelini forests was 10.75 in Northeast China，Simpson index was 0.72， Shannon-Wiener index was1.69，and Pielou evennessindex was O.76.Theaverage mingling intensitywas0.57，indicatingthat theforest stands were moderately mixed.Theuniformangleindex wasO.54，andtheforeststands were clustered.Thebreast diameter dominance was O.51，indicating thatthe forest growth was in amoderate state.The spatial structure characteristics of forest stands and geoclimatic conditions jointly explained 3 5 . 9 % of the changes in tree species diversity，followed by spatial structure characteristics，with an explanatory rate of 2 9 . 2 % .Simple term effects showed tat spatial structureand geoclimatic indicators such as mingling intensity，latitude，annual mean temperature， andannual mean precipitation were themain influencing factors of tree species diversitychanges．Theresearch results willprovidetheoreticalbasisanddatasupportfortheformulationof management strategies for Larix gmelini forests in Northeast China.

KeyWords：Northeast forestbelt；Larix gmelinii；tree species diversity；forest spatial structure;coupling relationship

0 引言

东北地区森林是我国最大的天然林区，在水源涵养、保持水土和减缓全球气候变化等方面发挥着重要功能[1]。（剩余14210字）