陕西省参考作物蒸散量时空演变特征及归因分析

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关键词：参考作物蒸散量；时空演变；敏感性分析；贡献率；归因分析；陕西省中图分类号：P426．2；S274．3 文献标志码：A doi：10．3969 ／ j．issn．1000－1379．2025．06．019引用格式：，等．陕西省参考作物蒸散量时空演变特征及归因分析［J］．人民黄河，2025，47（6）：123－129，149．

Temporal⁃Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Attribution Analysis of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration in Shaanxi Province

GE Jie， BAI Yu， GUAN Zilong， KANG Xiu（Power China Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited， Xi’an ， China）

Abstract： In order to study the spatial⁃temporal evolution characteristics of reference crop evapotranspiration （ ET0 ） and its response to cli⁃ mate change in Shaanxi Province， daily meteorological data in the past 1960－2017 were collected from 33 meteorological stations． ET0 was calculated by using the FAO 56 PM formula． Sensitivity analysis and contribution rate were used to quantitatively identify the dominant factors affecting ET0 changes． The results show that a） there is upward trend in the maximum and minimum air temperature， whereas， downward trend in the sunlight hours， wind speed and relative humidity． b） The average annual EI0′ in Shaanxi Province is 981mm ， and the trend of annual ET0 is not significantly decreasing at -2.85mm/10s ． The spatial distribution of annual average ET0 shows a pattern of high in the north， low in the south， and high in the east and low in the west． c） The sensitivity of annual scale ET0 to meteorological elements in Shaanxi Province is ranked from high to low as relative humidity， maximum temperature， sunshine hours， wind speed and minimum temperature． d） The contribution rates of meteorological elements to the annual scale ET0 changes are wind speed， maximum temperature， sunshine hours， minimum temperature and relative humidity in Shaanxi Province from high to low． Therefore， the main controlling factor affecting the annual scale ET0 changes in Shaanxi Province is wind speed．

Key words： reference crop evapotranspiration； temporal and spatial characteristics； sensitivity analysis； contribution rate； attributional anal⁃ysis； Shaanxi Province

0 引言

参考作物蒸散量（ ∣ET0 ）指生长旺盛的草本植物（植株高度 0.12m⋅ ）在水分充足、固定冠层阻力为 70s/m 、反照率为 0．23 条件下完全覆盖地面时的蒸散量［1］ 。（剩余12217字）