黄河壶口瀑布景观与水文泥沙响应关系研究

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关键词：原型观测；水文泥沙；壶口瀑布；景观演变中图分类号：P343．2；TV152 文献标志码：A doi：10．3969 ／ j．issn．1000－1379．2025．06．014引用格式：，等．黄河壶口瀑布景观与水文泥沙响应关系研究［J］．人民黄河，2025，47（6）：90－95．

Research on the Correspondence Between the Landscape of Hukou Waterfall on the Yellow River and Hydrological Sediment

PAN Yimin1， HE Zhijuan1， WANG Yu2 ， ZHANG Di1 ， HAO Fang1（1．Institute of Yellow River Water Resources Protection， Zhengzhou 450004， China；2．Yellow River Conservancy Commission， Zhengzhou ， China）

Abstract： Under the combined influences of global climate change， evolving underlying surface conditions， and anthropogenic activities， the hydrological⁃sediment regimes of the Yellow River Basin have undergone notable modifications in recent decades． These alterations have con⁃ sequently driven adaptive transformations in fluvial landscapes， including waterfall systems． As a natural waterfall formed along the mainstem of the Yellow River within the Jin⁃Shaan Grand Canyon， Hukou Waterfall serves as a critical study target． Leveraging long⁃term continuous in⁃ situ monitoring data， field investigations， and historical archives， this research systematically investigated the primary landscape characteris⁃ tics of Hukou Waterfall⁃encompassing morphology， scale， and coloration， while elucidating its interactive relationships with reach⁃scale hydrological and sediment dynamics． Furthermore， an analysis of the waterfall’s historical evolution from 1956 to 2023 reveals two key find⁃ ings： a progressive reduction in overall scale since 1956， and a significant increase in the occurrence frequency of clear⁃water flow events． Key words： landscape prototype observation； hydrological and sediment； Hukou Waterfall； landscape evolution

0 引言

瀑布景观是指地表径流与地质条件共同作用下形成的独特自然景观，是河流地貌演化的阶段性产物，主要形成于江河干支流中上游河段。（剩余6565字）