“共情” 是否总是有效？

——一项基于在线实验的攻击性表达干预效果研究

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IsEmpathyAlwaysEffective？- —An OnlineExperimental Intervention Studyof Reducing Online Aggressive Comments

QUHui，HONGShi-yi，GAOYa-jie

Abstract：Aggressive expressions driven by emotions are one of the key factors contributing toonline disputes andthe distortionof publicopinion.This studyexplores whether and how immediate interaction prompts can intervene toreduce online aggressiveexpresions whenusers encounter dissenting informationthattriggers cognitivedissonance. Inthis study5ooparticipantswererecruited，allofwhomencounteredinformationinconsistentwiththeiroriginal positions and received four types of intervention.The findings are as follows： First， without intervention，users generally cannot voluntarily suppress aggressive expressions when experiencing cognitive dissonance.Second，the four types of prompts inthe experiment had significantly varying effects inreducing online aggressiveexpressions. Third，the widelyused“empathy”strategy in current intermet governance was ineective in this experiment and even triggered more pronouncedadverse effects.Whetherthis strategy hasactuallyreducedonline violencedeserves more careful discussion.

Keywords：cognitive dissonance;cognitive reappraisal; empatheticcommunication;digital reputation

一、引言

“认知失调理论”（CognitiveDissonance Theory）认为，人们在四种特殊情境中尤其容易发生失调：决策、强迫服从、接触信息和社会支持。（剩余12540字）