不同基质配方对黑木耳胞外酶活、农艺性状及产量的影响

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中图法分类号：S646.6 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-2324（2025）03-0505-12

Abstract：Thecultivation substrateaffcts theextracellar enzymeactivityagronomic traits，andyieldof Auricularia auricula during its growthand development.To investigate the effectsof diferent substrate formulations on these parameters，common wood species from Guizhou—Fagus longipetiolata，Broussonetia papyrifera，Bothrocaryum controversum，and Betula luminifera—are selectedandcombined into15 formulations for cultivatingA.auricula.The activitiesoflignindegradingenzymesystem，cellulose degrading enzymesystemand hemicelulose degrading enzyme systemare determined at different mycelial development stages，along with theagronomic traits and yieldof fruiting bodies，following bycorrelation （P<0.05） and principal component analysis of each indicator.Acomprehensive evaluation of each formulation is conducted using the membership function method.The resultsshow that different formulations

affecthe extracelllarenzymeactivity.Additionally，theactivitywithin thesame enzymesystem exhibit significant positivecorrlationsacrossdiferent growth stagesandamong different enzymes.Furthermore，multipleagronomic traits alsoshow significant positivecorelations.Significant differences are observed inagronomic traitsand yield among different formulations：ear length（ （66.99～101.72mm ），earwidth（ 36.28～98.95mm ，earthickness （1.34～1.96mm ） elasticity （0.75～3.00Pa ），rehydration rate （5.10～14.90% ），fresh yield perbag（47.00＼～189.00） g），dryyield per bag （5.00- 24.00g） ，andbiologicalefficiency（ .Finally，through comprehensive analysis usingthe membership function metod，formulatios2，4，8，9，10，11，2，3，and14demonstratesuperiorityovertheconrol.Cosideringte cultivationcosts，the yieldand theoutput valueofA.auricula，formulation 9is ultimately selectedas the most costeffective option.

Keywords：Auricularia auricula; formulation; enzyme activity;agronomic traits; yield

黑木耳（Auriculariaauricula）又名树菌、木菌、木耳，由菌丝体和子实体两部分组成，其子实体富含多糖、多酚等活性物质，具有抗凝血[]、抗氧化[4]、降血糖[5]、降血脂[]、免疫调节[7]、肠道菌群调节[8]和其他生物活性[9]，是我国著名的“山珍”之一，享有“黑色瑰宝”、“素中之莺”等的美誉[10]，它是一种重要的食用和药用蘑菇[]。（剩余14064字）