地球之核-幔-壳热柱上涌与幔枝构造成矿控矿作用

——以郭家店幔枝构造控矿作用为例

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中图分类号：P544 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2097-5465（2025）05-0001-11

Abstract：AsignificantbreakthroughhasbeenachievedinthedeepexplorationofgolddepositsinthenorthwestJiaodongregion. Among thevariousore-controlingfactors forgoldmineralization，theMesozoictectonicmovements，magmaticactivities，and metallgenicprocesseshaveplayedacrucialroleinthelarge-scaleformationofgold，silver，andpolymetalicdepositsinthe region，withintensefaultingactivitiesbeingthedominantfactor.Thispaperfocusesontheore-controlingoleofregioaldeepseatedmajorfaultsndexploresthecontrollingefectsoffaultactivitiesonlarge-scalemineralization.Thestudysuggeststatthe extractionofore-formingmaterialsislimited，asthemigrationfromlow-gradeoresourcebedstohigh-gradeoreveinsispoorly understood，especiallyunderhighpresuresatdepth，wheremigrationoftenoccursfromdeephigradeoresourcebdstoshallow low-gradefaultzones.Alternatively，themigrationandaccumulationofore-formingmaterialsfrommantleplumes，mantlesubplumes，andmantlebranch structures maybetheprimarycontrolingfactors.Throughthemulti-stage evolutionofmantleplumes， themigrationcarirsoforefoingmaterials，inthefofgaseous，as-liquid，andliqudstates，migrateupwardfrotedep tothedilationzonesofmantlebranch structureswheremoderatetemperatureandpressreconditionsarefavorablefor mineralization.TheJiaojiaFaultandSanshandaoFault，locatedonthenorthwesternmarginoftheGuojiadianmantlebranch structure，notonlyserveasthemainmigrationpathwaysforore-formingfluidsbutalsoconstituteextremelyimportantfavorable spaces for mineralization and ore storage，resulting in the formation of world-class super-large gold deposits.

Keywords：mantlebranchstructure；ore-formingprocess；ore-controlingfults；metallgenicregularity；prospectingdirections; Jiaodong area

宋明春等[1]总结近年来在胶西北地区金矿深部找矿成果，以及部分深钻剖面资料过程中，发现以往确定的中-浅部金矿体往往向深部还有较大的延伸，且深部往往多连为一体，尤其是焦家断裂、三山岛断裂和玲珑断裂成矿带，其金资源储量均达 1000t 以上，形成了规模巨大的金矿床[1-14]

因此，新的研究进展需要进一步关注如下新问题的探索：

1）地幔热柱多级演化——含矿流体载矿上涌;2）地幔亚柱的热迁移——成矿物质反向运移；3）幔枝构造成矿作用——成矿元素集聚结晶；4）幔枝构造控矿作用——主要矿床成矿类型。（剩余15156字）