正交试验优化甜瓜茎、叶与子的黄酮、皂苷提取工艺

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中图分类号：TS201.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-9973（2025）11-0187-15

Abstract： In this paper，muskmelon stems，leaves and seeds are selected as the test subjects to systematically investigate the efects of liquid-solid ratio，extraction time，extraction temperature and solvent concentration on the extraction rate of flavonoids and saponins using water extraction method and alcohol extraction method through single factor test. Based on this，orthogonal test design method is used to optimize the optimal extraction conditions for flavonoids and saponins in each part of muskmelon using water extraction method and ethanol extraction method. The results indicate that the optimal extraction conditions for flavonoids and saponins from muskmelon stems， leaves and seeds using water extraction method are liquid-solid ratio of 30：1 ，extraction temperature of 5h ，extraction time of 70°C ；liquidsolid ratio of 25：1 ，extraction time of 5h ，extraction temperature of 60°C ；liquid-solid ratio of 20：1 . extraction time of 7h ， extraction temperature of 70∘C respectively. For the ethanol extraction method，the optimal extraction conditions for flavonoids and saponins from muskmelon stems，leaves and seeds are 70% ethanol，liquid-solid ratio of 30：1 ，extraction time of ，extraction temperature of 60∘C ： 70% ethanol，liquid-solid ratio of 20：1 ，extraction time of 5h ，extraction temperature of 60°C ： 70% （204号 ethanol，liquid-solid ratio of 20：1 ，extraction time of 6h ，extraction temperature of 70∘C respectively. In this study，a highly eficient，high-yield and high-recovery extraction process for flavonoids and saponins is developed，providing a detailed technical scheme and basic data for the extraction of flavonoids and saponins from muskmelon.

Key words：muskmelon；flavonoids;saponins;extraction;orthogonal test

甜瓜（CucumismeloL.）又名香瓜、白啄瓜，为葫芦科黄瓜属一年生蔓性草本植物。（剩余20575字）