气井携液临界气流速计算新模型
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A NewModel to Calculate Critical Velocity forLiquid Loading in Gas Wells
LUO Chengcheng1*，LI Nan1，²，LIU Yonghui1， CAO Guangqiang²， YE Changqing³
KeyLaboratorOdselodEploatioutstoleUsityn 2.Research InstituteofExplorationandDevelopment，PetroChina，Haidian，BeijinglOoo83，China 3.EngineeringResearchInstitute，SouthwestOil&GasFieldCompany，PetroChina，Chengdu，Sichuan6loo7，ina
Abstract： Accurately predicting the liquid-loading timing in gas wels and taking reasonable corresponding deliquification technologiesinadvancecaneffectivelyreduce theriskofliquidloading.Existing liquid-loading prediction modelslackcomparativeanalysiswithliquid-loading features ingaswels，resulting inpooradaptability.Therefore，visualexperimentaltests werecarriedouttostudytheflowing behaviorofliquidfilmatdiferentgasvelocities，anewcriterionofliquid-loading initiation was definedsubsequently.Basedontheforce balanceof liquid film，ananalytical modelofcriticalgas velocityforliquid loading was established.Andthefollwingresearchresults wereobtained.First，the liquiddoes notaccumulateatthebottom of the pipe when the liquid film reverses and travels upward as insteadliquid waves.The more serious the liquid filmreversal is，the moreobvius thefluctuationis.Second，whentheliquidfilmreverses，theflowis relativelystableinthepipe，which is notconsistentwiththefeaturesofliquidloadingingas wels，eadingtothepredictionofcritical gasvelocityinliquid-reersal criteriontooconservative.Third，itcaptures the liquid-loading dynamics ingas wells when liquid-loading criterionis defined as theequal liquid flowrateofupwardand downward in thelaminarliquid film.Fourth，the new model hasagoodchanging trend withtheliquid-filmmodelatdiferentaffctingparameters，anditspredictionacuacyis tehghestagainstthepublished well data in the literature. In conclusion， the new model can be used to judge liquid loading in gas wells.
Keywords： liquid loading; Turner model; liquid-film model; visual experiment; critical gas velocity for liquid loading
引言
积液是产水气井生产过程中普遍存在的一个难题[1-2]。（剩余14694字）