高产优质多抗油菜得中油341的选育及应用分析

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中图分类号：S565.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0488-5368（2025）04-0014-06

Abstract：Dezhongyou 341 is a Brassica napus hybrid rapeseed variety bred by crossing the self-fertile cytoplasmic male sterile line D1A and restorer line D2R.The variety was evaluated in multi-location regional experiments of winter rapeseed in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River （Shaanxi，Sichuan，and Chongqing） from 2016 to 2018，average yield per 667 was 2 1 2 . 4 3 k g ，which was 7 . 8 5 % higher than the control variety Rongyou18.From2O17-2O19，the variety participated in the regional experiment in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River（Hubei，Hunan，Jiangxi）and the lowerreachesof the Yangtze River（Anhui，Jiangsu，Zhejiang）for two consecutive years. The two-year average yields per in the middle and lower reaches were 2 0 3 . 1 7 k g and 2 1 0 . 2 6 k g ，respectively，exceeding the yields of Huazayou 12 by 1 1 . 4 7 % and Qinyou No. 10 by 8 . 9 7 % . In the experiment of the Yangtze River Basin，the variety showed obvious advantages in yield，oil content，quality and ripening period.The variety demonstrates broad adaptability，moderate resistance to sclerotinia and viral diseases，and lodging resistance.In 2019，it obtained the variety registration certificateof the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Aairs of China，registration number（Registration No.： GPD rape[2O19]610170）. This study details the breeding methodology，biological characteristics，yield performance，keyagronomic practices，andsuitableareas for cultivation，therebyproviding theoretical justification and practical guidance for its widespread application in the Yangtze River basin.

Key words：Rape; Dezhongyou 341; High yield and quality; Multiple resistance and wide adaptability; Cytoplasmic male sterility

2019—2020年全国植物油消费量达3675.5万t，全国自产植物油仅占总消费量的 3 2 % 左右，需从国外进口 6 8 % 以上，植物油产需缺口巨大油菜籽作为国内植物油最大的油源2，其产油量占国产油料作物产油量的 5 5 % 以上[3]。（剩余6911字）