人工智能地震资料处理与解释方法研究进展

打开文本图片集

中图分类号：P631 文献标识码：A DOI：10.13810/j. cnki. issn. 1000-7210.20240388

Abstract： With increasingly complex oil and gas exploration targets，seismic exploration faces chalenges such as low signal-to-noise ratio （SNR），low resolution，and dificultiesin velocity modeling and imaging of seismic data.Conventional seismic data processing and interpretation methods have certain limitations in accuracy or efficiency when applied to masive seismic data. The artificial intelligence （AI）-based seismic data processing and interpretation methods can effctively improve accuracy and eficiency. To this end，this paper provides an overview of supervised，semi-supervised，and unsupervised deep learning techniques，and summarizes the applications of deep learning in data processing such as first break picking，SNR improvement，data reconstruction， velocity spectrum interpretation，migration，and resolution enhancement. Meanwhile，it discusses the applications of deep learning in identifying geological bodies suchas faults，seismic facies，river channels，and salt domes，as wellas in wave impedance inversion，AVO inversion，fullwaveform inversion，lithology identification，reservoir parameter prediction，and fluid identification. The production of training sets，optimization of neural networks，training strategies，and large models arediscussed，with an outlook on thedevelopment trend of AI-based processng and interpretation methods for seismic data provided. It is pointed out that the generalization of networks should be continuously increased and large models suitable for seismic exploration should be studied.

eywords： seismic data processing，seismic data interpretation，artificial inteligence，deep learning 刘洋，孙宇航，张浩然，等．人工智能地震资料处理与解释方法研究进展[J].石油地球物理勘探，2025，60（4）： 1067-1087. LIU Yang，SUN Yuhang，ZHANG Haoran，et al. A review of artificial inteligence-based seismic data processing and interpretation methods[J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting，2025，60（4） ：1067-1087.

0 引言

随着油气勘探的不断发展，其所面临的目标日益复杂，即由简单地表、简单构造转向复杂地表、复杂构造，由构造油气藏转向岩性、裂隙等隐蔽性油气藏，由常规油气转向非常规油气，由中深层转向深层、超深层。（剩余55849字）