基于快速凸集投影与周期正弦延迟时间编码的混源数据分离方法

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中图分类号：P631 文献标识码：A DOI：10.13810/j.cnki.issn.1000-7210.20240276

Abstract： The traditional method of seismic data acquisition involves separate excitation between shots，leading to low construction eficiency. The simultaneous-source acquisition technique，which involves simultaneous or delayed excitation of multiple shots， has significantly improved construction efficiency.To process multi-source seismic data conventionally，it is essential to separate the mixed data into single-source data. However， traditional data separation methods sufer from low eficiency. On the basis of the separation method using sparse inversion，this paper develops fast projection onto convex sets（FPOCS） algorithm through ntroducing an inertial parameter into the conventional POCS algorithm.Additionally，to address the problem that random time-delay encoding causes local continuity of aliasing noise and thus reduces separation accuracy，this paper proposes a method of periodic sinusoidal time-delay encoding. During the iterative process，the curvelet transform is used as a sparse basis，the soft thresholding function as the threshold model，and the exponential threshold formula as the threshold update formula.As aresult，the blending interference from other sources becomes more discrete，and the aliasing noise is distributed uniformly within a certain delay time，which reduces the dificultyin simultaneous-sourcedata separation.The results obtained from theoretical analysis and processing of measured data demonstrate that the two methods proposed in this paper not only greatly improve the con

vergence speed but also effectively enhance the accuracy of simultaneous-source data separation and have good anti-noise performance.

Keywords： simultaneous-source acquisition，curvelet transform，fast projection onto convex sets（FPOCS） algo rithm，periodic time-delay encoding

杨熙熙，张华，付立恒，等．基于快速凸集投影与周期正弦延迟时间编码的混源数据分离方法[J].石油地球物 理勘探，2025，60（4）：923-936.

YANG Xixi，ZHANG Hua，FU Liheng，et al. Simultaneous-source data separation method based on fast projection onto convex sets and periodic sinusoidal time-delay encoding[J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting，2025，60（4）： 923-936.

0 引言

传统的地震数据采集方式与当前日益增加的勘探需求相矛盾，既要考虑震源激发的时间间隔，又要考虑震源之间的距离。（剩余14281字）