节点“盲采”配套单炮资料实时质控技术及应用

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中图分类号：P631 文献标识码：A DOI：10.13810/j.cnki.issn.1000-7210.20240355

Abstract：With the widespread application of node instruments in seismic exploration，their quality control （QC） problems become increasingly prominent，and their“blind acquisition”mode lacks real-time data transmission capability，making it impossible to monitor and effectively analyze the quality of single-shot data in real time.This results in delays in the synthetic analysis of seismic acquisition data and afects the timelinessof data QC and exploration decision-making responses. Therefore，based on the single-shot acquisition mode combining wired monitoring arrys and node instruments，this paper develops a real-time QC technology for singleshotdata acquisition in node instrument“blind acquisition”for the characteristics of seismic data from monitoring arrays. Firstly，the single-shot energy is calculated based on the spherical spreading principle to achieve an accurate analysis of single-shot energy. Secondly，an environmental noise analysis technique based on the number of disturbed channels is employed，with the proportion of disturbed channels calculated to assess environ mental noise.Finall，supporting real-time monitoring software is developed to enable real-time monitoring of single-hot excitation energy and noise. This technology is applied to the full-node 3D seismic acquisition project in the NCB area of the Sichuan Basin.The results show a high correlation between the energy of the monitoring array and the full-shot energy，as wellas high consistency in the proportion of disturbed channels.This significantly improves seismic exploration efficiency and data quality，providesan effective method for real-time QCof blind acquisition seismic data，and holds significance in the commercial application of 5G real-time data transmission of nodes.

Keywords： node instrument， blind acquisition，single-shot data，real-time monitoring，excitation energy，exter nal interference

罗文，王勤耕，李明翼，等：节点"盲采"配套单炮资料实时质控技术及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探，2025，60（4）： 870-878. LUO Wen，WANG Qingeng，LI Mingyi，et al.Real-time quality control technology and application for singleshotdata innode instrument“blindacquisition"[J].OilGeophysical Prospecting，2025，60（4）：870-878.

0 引言

在地震勘探中，常规有线地震采集系统通过实时获取采集的地震数据，分析单炮的能量、环境噪声、爆炸信号、井口信号、不正常道、炮点位置等，同时基于质量标准进行多因素评价，形成野外质量评价班报来及时反馈质量问题和指导生产[1-3]。（剩余8670字）