光纤传感在表层调查中的应用

打开文本图片集

关键词：分布式声波传感（DAS），表层调查，双井微测井，近地表速度，近地表 Q 值 中图分类号：P631 文献标识码：A DOI：10.13810/j.cnki.issn.1000-7210.20240221

Abstract： The accuracy of surface structure investigation greatly influences the quality of seismic field acquisition.However，the commonly used surface structure investigation methods fail to accuratelycharacterize the thin lithological change，and construction under special surface conditions is dificult. To solve this problem， the optical fiber sensor acquisition technology is applied to the investigation of surface structure.The advantages of a high spatial sampling rate and easy construction of optical fiber are used to solve the problems of traditional methods.The feasibility of optical fiber acquisition is verified by comparing the data colected by geophone.At the same time，the same point comparison test of surface velocity inversion and Q -value calculation is carried out. The results show that optical fiber data can identify more lithological change interfaces than geophone data.However，the signal-to-noise ratio of fiber optic data is low，with a narrow effective band range and unstable Q -value calculation results. This study shows that the optical fiber sensor acquisition technology has great potential in the application of surface investigation. Still， more perfect quality control means are needed to improve the quality of data acquisition.

Keywords： distributed acoustic sensing （DAS），surface investigation，dual-well microlog，near-surface velocity， near-surface Q -value

龚屹，孟庆利，蓝加达，等，光纤传感在表层调查中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探，2025，60（4）：879-885. GONG Yi，MENG Qingli，LAN Jiada，et al.Application of optical fiber sensing in surface investigation[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting，2025，60（4）：879-885.

0 引言

表层结构调查是地震勘探的重要环节，表层调查的目的主要是获取近地表结构以及速度等物性参数，其结果对于激发井深设计[1]、表层速度建模2和表层 Q 值建模3均有重要作用，表层调查结果的准确度直接影响采集激发参数的选择，以及静校正、吸收衰减补偿和深度偏移建模等处理环节。（剩余9412字）