西北旱作区谷子轮作提升作物生产力及土壤肥力

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Abstract：[Objective]Foxtail milet（SetariaitalicaL.）isastaplecrop in Northwest China’saridregions，wherecontinuous cropping hasled tosevere yielddeclineandsustainabilitychallenges.Thisstudyaimedto investigate theefectsofvariousrop rotationpattersonmilet growthcharacteristicsandsoilfertility，tosupportsustaiable intensificationofdrylandfarmingsystems.[Methods]A two-yearfield experiment（2021-2022）compared four 2-year rotationsystems，includingcorn-milet（CM），potato-millet（P-M），sorghum-millt（S-M），and broomcorn-millet（B-M）against continuous millt monoculture（MM，control）. Changes in soil nutrient dynamics （including organic matter，total N，and available P/K ），millet growth parameters （including stem diameter，paniclelength，andLAI），andyieldcomponentsandeconomicreturns wereanalyzed.Results] Compared to M-M control，rotation systems significantly improved the stem diameter by 6.33% to 14.02% ，panicle length by

4.69% to 18.41% ，and leaf area indexby 24.49% to 47.96% .Yield hierarchy followed theorder of：S-M > P-M > B-M > CM > M-M.Notably，P-Mand S-M rotation systems significantly enhanced yield by 19.00% and 19.27% ，respectively.From ananalysisofaveragesoilnutrientvaluesovertwoyears，allrotationpatersresultedinicreasedsoilorganicmattertotalni trogen，available phosphorus，andavailable potassium contents.Among these patters，the S-Mrotation notablyelevatedor ganic matter content by 43.02% ，while total nitrogen levels rose significantly for C-M，P-M，and S-M，with increases of 46.89% ， 47.27% ，and 59.53% ，respectively. The comprehensive soil fertility scores followed this order：P-M > S-M > C-M > M-M > B-M.The two-year economic benefit analysis indicated that，compared with continuous cultivation （M-M），the P-M and S-M rotation modes increased the total output value，net income and yield-investment ratio by 23.36% ， 24.29% ， （202 1.75% ，and 10.91% ， 15.78% ， 11.95% ，respectively.[Conclusion] The potato-millet（P-M） and sorghum-millet（S-M） rotationpaterssignicantly improvedthesoil'secologicalenvironment，ehancedsoilfertilty，boostedoverall grainfeldpro ductivity，and promoted thesustainabledevelopmentofthe millet industry inthearid farming areasofNorthwest China.

eywords：FoxtailMillet，Croprotationsystems，Soil fertility，Yield improvement

谷子[Setariaitalica（L.）Beauv]是起源于中国的传统粮食作物，具有悠久的栽培历史，其耐瘠薄、抗旱性强的特点使得谷子成为旱作地区产业结构调整的主栽作物[1-2]。（剩余16307字）