青海湖流域土壤水分空间格局及模拟研究

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中图分类号：S152.7 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-0435（2026）03-0984-14

doi：10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.03.022

引用格式：，等.青海湖流域土壤水分空间格局及模拟研究[J].草地学报，2026，34（3）：984－997 DING Chen-shen，CAO Sheng-kui， ZHANG Fu-ling，etal. Spatial Patterns and Modeling of Soil Moisture in the QinghaiLake Basin[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica，2O26，34（3） ：984-997

Abstract：Spatial patterns of soil water content are fundamental to regional ecosystem stability and the sustainable use of water resources.Focusing on the Qinghai Lake Basin，this study integrated field measurements and remote-ensing imagery with statistical and geospatial analyses to investigate the spatial distributions of soil Water content and soil water storage at multiple depths. Machine-learning models—Random forest （RF）and Extreme gradient boosting （XGBoost）—were applied to simulate soil water content and storage at varying depths across the basin.The results indicated that soil moisture content in the Qinghai Lake Basin gradually decreased with increasing soil depth （32.06% ， 27.17% ，and 24.99% ， respectively），while soil water storage increased with depth（29 ）.72mm ， 32.07mm ，and 32.34mm ，respectively）. Spatially，soil moisture in the basin exhibited ageneral patern ofhighvalues in the north and east and low values in the south and west，with higher values in the upper reaches of rivers than in the lower reaches，and higher values in the mountainous areas surrounding the lake than in the lakeshore zones. Across diferent vegetation types，alpine meadows had the highest soil moisture content and water storage.Model simulation results revealed that air temperature，pre cipitation，and theNormalized Diffrence Vegetation Index were the primary influencing factors of the soil moisture spatial model.This study elucidates the spatial distribution paterns and environmental response mechanisms of soil moisture in the Qinghai Lake Basin，providing a scientific basis for regional ecological restoration and water resource management.

Key words：Soil water content; Soil water storage ;Spatial distribution ; Machine learning

土壤水分是地表生态系统和水文过程的重要环节，直接影响着植被生长、物质循环与地表水收支等多方面功能[1-2]。（剩余23126字）