氮素形态对多年生高寒栽培草地植物群落和土壤性质的影响

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中图分类号：S812 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-0435（2026）03-0881-10

doi：10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.03.013

引用格式：，等.氮素形态对多年生高寒栽培草地植物群落和土壤性质的影响[J].草地学报，2026，34 （3）：881-890 TONG Yong-shang，DONG Quan-min，YANG Jun-xia，et al.Effectsof Nitrogen Forms on Plant Communities and Soil Properties in Perennial Alpine Cultivated Grasslands[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica，2O26，34（3）：881-890

Abstract：The objective of this study was to reveal the effects of diferent forms of nitrogen fertilizers on perennial alpine cultivated grassland plant communities and soil properties.A 4-year-old perennial mixed-seeded grasland established in 2Ol9 at Qinghai University’s comprehensive experimental demonstration base of plateau specialty agriculture and animal husbandry was used as the research object.Four treatments of control （CK），amide nitrogen fertilizer（U），ammonium nitrogen fertilizer（A）and nitrate nitrogen fertilizer（N） were set up to determine and analyze treatment efects on the plantcommunity structure，soil physicochemical propertiesand microbial biomass.The results showed that application of diferent forms of nitrogen fertilizers significantly affected plant productivity，soil physicochemical properties and microbial biomass of artificial grassland， while the effect on plant diversity was not significant. Different forms of nitrogen fertilizers showed U>N>A in promoting plant productivity，with an increase of 62.60% ， 53.71% and 25.85% over control. respectively. Application of amide nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased soil water content and soil conductivity and significantly decreased soil bulk density and pH value. Application of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased total phosphorus and decreased soil microbial biological carbon to nitrogen ratio.Application of nitrate nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased soil quick phosphorus，total nitrogen，microbial biocharand microbial biochar-phosphorus ratio.Redundancy analysis showed that soil pH value and bulk weight were key soil factors influencing perennial alpine cultivated grassland plant communities.In summary，it is recommended that amide nitrogen fertilizers should be given priority in the development of nitrogen application programs for perennial alpine cultivated grassland productivity maintenance and soil improvement.

Key words：Alpinecultivated grassand; Nitrogen form; Plant community;Soil physicochemical properties; Microbial biomass

高寒草地是全球生态保护的战略要地，具有防风固沙、储存水源和维护生物多样性等多种功能。（剩余20750字）