气相色谱-质谱联用技术在花椒挥发性成分分析中的应用

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DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1000-9973.2026.01.030

中图分类号：TS264.3 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-9973（2026）01-0229-05

Application of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Analysis of Volatile Components in Zanthoxylum bungeanum

LIUYi-na¹，LI Yi-lin² （1.School of Light Industry and Food Engineering，Guangxi University，Nanning 530o04，China; 2.School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering，Wuhan PolytechnicUniversity，Wuhan 43oo48，China）

Abstract： In order to optimize the method for analyzing the volatile components in Zanthoxylum bungeanum using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS），the varieties of Zanthoxylum bungeanum from three different cultivation areas in Hubei Province such as Yichang City， Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and Jingzhou City are selected for analysis of their volatile components using GC-MS.Through single factor analysis，four factors including the type of extraction solvent，extraction time， NaCl concentration and rotational speed are selected for optimization. Finally，it is determined that the extraction solvent is ethyl acetate，the extraction time is 60min ，the NaCl concentration is 5% ，and the rotational speed is 900r/min ，Under these conditions，the volatile components are extracted. A total of 45 volatile components are detected in Zanthoxylum bungeanum from the three places of origin，among which，there are 43 volatile components in Zanthoxylum bungeanum from Yichang City，38 volatile components in Zanthoxylum bungeanum from Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture，and 39 volatile components in Zanthoxylum bungeanum from Jingzhou City. There are 32 volatile components common toZanthoxylum bungeanum from all the places of origin. Among the Zanthoxylum bungeanum，the volatile components with high content include limonene，methyl eugenol， linalyl acetate and so on. Comparative analysis of antioxidant activity and DPPH radical scavenging capacity shows that Zanthoxylum bungeanum from the three places of origin al exhibit a certain antioxidant activity，with Zanthoxylum bungeanum from Jingzhou City exhibiting the best antioxidant activity.

Key words： gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; Zanthoxylum bungeanum ； volatile components

花椒（ZanthoxylumbungeanumMaxim.），作为一种在我国拥有悠久历史和广泛应用的香辛料和药用植物，其独特的香气与辛辣味不仅为食品调味增添了丰富的层次感，而且在药用领域展现出多样的生物活性[1]。（剩余7290字）