细胞外囊泡在新生儿疾病中的研究进展
关键词：细胞外囊泡；早产儿视网膜病变；支气管肺发育不良；新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病；坏死性小肠结肠炎 中图分类号：R722.1文献标志码：A文章编号：2097-7174（2026）03-0248-08 DOI：10.3969/j. issn. 2097-7174.2026.03.009
Researchprogressofextracellular vesiclesin neonatal diseases
ZHENGHao1，CHEN Yan1，ZHONGXiaoyan 1 ，LIN Huijie²， JIANG Jiahao²，HUANG Zhihua 3，4 ， JIANG Lixia 1，2，4，5
（1.School of MedicalTechnology，Gannan Medical University;2.The First Clinical Medical SchoolofGannan Medical University；3.Schoolof Basic Medicine，Gannan Medical University；4.KeyLaboratory for Cardiovascularand
CerebrovascularDiseasePreventionandControlof the MinistryofEducation;5.TheFirstAfiliatedHospitalofGannan Medical University，Ganzhou，Jiangxi 341000）
Abstract：Neonatal diseasesaretheleading causesof infantmortalityandlong-term health complications.Itshigh mortalityrate posesasevere chalenge to modern intensivecare medicine.Extracellularvesicles，biologicallyactive membrane-bound structures，mediate critical intercelllarfunctions including signal transduction，antigen presentation， andimmune responses.This positions EVsasanovel therapeutic avenuefor neonatal diseases.Current research primarily focuses on characterizing the properties of EVsderived from diversecelularorigins and subtypes，alongsideevaluating their therapeutic potentialinpreclinical disease models.Preclinical studieshavedemonstrated significant eficacyof EVs intreating neonatalconditionssuchasretinopathyofprematurity，bronchopulmonarydysplasia，neonatalhypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy，andnecrotizingenterocolitis，indicating their clinicalfeasibilityinneonataltherapeutics.However，the clinicaltranslationofEVsfacessubstantialchallenges，ncluding inherentheterogeneityandtranslationalbotlenecks. Addressing these necesitatesestablishing standardized protocols，advancing clinical translation eforts，and exploring their diagnostic utility.
Key Words：Extracelularvesicles；Retinopathyof prematurity；Bronchopulmonary dysplasia；Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy；Necrotizing enterocolitis
早产是新生儿健康问题的一个重要风险因素，由其引发的并发症，如早产儿视网膜病变（Retinopathyof prematurity，ROP）缺氧缺血性脑病（Hypoxicischemicencephalopathy，HIE）、支气管肺发育不良（Bronchopulmonarydysplasia，BPD）坏死性小肠结肠炎（Necrotizingenterocolitis，NEC）等，已成为导致早产儿死亡和残疾的首要原因[]。（剩余17957字）