轨道的非对称杂化对 Mg²⁺ 在不同蒙脱石表面吸附的动力学研究

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Study on the Adsorption Kinetics Mg2+ on Different Montmorillonite Surfaces Influenced by Asymmetric Hybridization Orbitals

Abstract： The study the microscopic mechanism ion exchange adsorption is great significance fo1 understing the occurrence mechanism various important processes in soil. Based on the theory asymmetric orbital hybridization，this study employed the static constant current method to reveal the types strengths the adsorption force for Mg2+ on the surface H+- ， KΩ+-+ ， Ca2+- ， Cs+ -montmorillonite particles at subatomic scale. It further elucidated the mechanism the asymmetric orbital hybridization in influencing ion exchange adsorption on clay mineral surfaces. The results showed that： ① Zeroorder kinetics Mg2+ adsorption was observed on both K+ - Cs+ -montmorillonite surfaces，whereas on the surfaces H+ -montmorillonite Ca2+ -montmorillonite，only first-order kinetics was observed. The equilibrium adsorption amount （Neq） Mg2+ on the surface four saturated montmorillonite samples showed obvious differences，which were in the order K+- ， Ca2+- ， Cs+- ， H+ -montmorillonite from more to less， this difference was due to the different ads forces the four ions on the surface montmorillonite particles. ② The infrared spectroscopy analysis results four saturated samples montmorillonite showed that in a strong electric field，the stretching frequency Si—O bond inmorillonite decreased from large to small in turn as K+ ， H+ ， Ca2+ ， Cs+ ， the interaction force between the four cations O atom on the surface montmorillonite decreased from strong to weak in turn as Cs+ ， Ca2+ ， H+ ， K+ ： （204号 ③ The type saturated cation on the surface montmorillnite particles deeply influenced the electrochemical properties the montmorillonite surface，thereby affecting the adsorption behavior ions. For the adsorption montmorilonite，the type adsorbed cation the asymmetric orbital hybridization effect on the charged clay surface were mutually coupled.

Key words： montmorilonite；adsorption kinetics；orbital non-symmetric hybridization；ionic polarization; adsorption forces

黏土矿物是地球浅表沉积物中最丰富、分布最广的矿物，蒙脱石是典型的 2：1 型层状硅酸盐黏土矿物，因其强大的吸附性，蒙脱石在各个领域都有着广泛的应用（例如污水处理[1]、医药[2]以及土壤污染修复[3-4]等）。（剩余16867字）