分层施肥对花生田间氮素损失及吸收利用的影响

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关键词：分层施肥；氨挥发；土壤剖面氮素分布；花生产量；肥料利用效率中图分类号：S565.2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672-2043（2025）11-2956-11 doi：10.11654/jaes.2024-0446

Abstract：Toexploretentrogenloss，bsorptionandutilizationinpeanutfeldsunderdiferentlayeredfertilization（LF），afield experiment wasconductedattheLaiyang ExperimentalStationofQingdaoAgriculturalUniversityin2O19—2020.Thepeanutvariety ‘Qinghua7’wassedstetestmaterial，ndcoventioalroadcastertilzation（CB）susdasteotrol.Thectsofouble layered fertilization（DLF）and triple-layered fertilization（TLF）with no fertilizer reduction， 10% ，and 20% reduction of fertilizer on ammoniavolatilaioistrbofrogninoilpofil，lanrenlationdrnfertilutie studied.ThisstudfoundtatthereasnosignfcantdifereceintecumulativeammoniavlatlizationbetweenDLFandTFwiththe same fertilizer amount，but，LF with zero， 10% ，and 20% reduction was decreased by 15.21% 20.66% ，and 23.62% on average compared withCBF，respivelygscinlyinofaterogderalltamtssfgacngwas higherunderLFthanCBF，andthenitrogenleachingofDLFwashigherthanthatofTLFunderthesamefertilizationamount.LF significantlyincreasedtenitrogenacumulationinpeanutplantsndteostsignificantectswasbseredundertheofrtilier reductiontreatments.Comparedtoconventionalrotarytillgefertilizationzerofertilizereductiontreatmentsenhancednitrogen accumulation by 23.57%-29.95% in 2019and 34.5 9%-35.40% in202O.LF significantly increases peanut yield，and the peanut yield under DLF with zero and 10% reduction and TLF with zero reduction was increased by 20.12% ， 18.34% ，and 23.08% in 2019，and by （204号 26.23% 22.07% ，and 25.00% in 2020，compared with CBF.However，there was no significant difference between DLF and TLF with the samefertilizatiomot.ertlrtialprouciitygoicyertlottioatedrenedr LF were higher than those under CBF，and increased by 20.07%-42.73% ， 79.27%-104.92% ，8.23-14.59 percentage point and 5.53- 18.16 percentage point in 2019， respectively，and by 25.00%-35.66% ，52.08 % -114.58%， 3.69-15.85 percentage points and 3.73-17.67 percentagepontsi，espetivelyInonclusion，LFplaysasignificantoleinaleviatingammoniavatilizationandieasing peanutyield，utthreisacrtainriskoflaching.Andteepthoffertliationatthottmlayersouldbeappropratelyjusted. Considering theenergyconsumptioncostofagricultural machinery，itisrecommendedtouse theDLFwithzeroand 10% fertilizer reduction in production.

Keywords：layeredfertilzation;ammoiavatlition;distrbutioofnitrogeninsoilprofile;peautyield;ftilizseecy

花生是我国重要的油料作物、经济作物和出口创汇作物，优化花生生产管理对保障粮油安全和提高农民收人有积极作用。（剩余20105字）