PBAT基地膜在土壤中的降解特征及其对微生物群落结构的影响

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关键词：生物降解地膜;聚已二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯;聚乳酸;聚碳酸酯;降解特征;土壤微生物群落中图分类号：X71；X172 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672-2043（2025）11-2935-11 doi：10.11654/jaes.2025-0212

Abstract：Toinvestigatethedegradtioncharacteriticsandmicrobialmechanismsofbiodegradableulchfisinsoilenvioents，300-daysoilincubationexperimentwasconducted inthisstudy.Cavityring-downspectroscopy（CRDS），protonnuclearmagnetic resonance（1HNMR），gelpermeationchromatography（GPC），andscaning electronmicroscopy（SEM）wereemployedtoanalyzeand comparethedegradationcharacteristicsofthreemulchfilms（PBAT，PBAT/PLA，andPBAT/PPC）andtheirfectsonsoilmicobial communitystructure.TheresultsshowedthatthedegradationrateofPBATmulchfilmwassgnificantlyhigherthanthatofPBAT/PLAand PBAT/PPC films.After 3OO days，the mineralization rate of PBAT reached 30.7% ，while those of PBAT/PLA and PBAT/PPC were only 15.3% and 12.4% ，respectively，indicating that theaddition of PLAandPPC significantly slowed down the degradationrate. 1H NMR analysisevealedthatiPBATfils，thedegradationrateofaliphaticstructuralunitsinPBATmulchfilmwasfasterthanthatofaromatic structuralunits.Incontrast，inPBAT/PLAandPBAT/PPCfils，tedgradationratesofPLAandPPCcomponentswerehigherthanose ofPBAT.Durindegdatio，dintulchitreametsicantlyledtesilcobalomuityuctueitsca suchasPaludispheraandSporosarcinashowingmarkednichmentduringdegradation.orelationanalysisdemonstratedtatmicrobial taxasuchasorosarcin，Limoglobus，ndSermanellereloselysocatedithtgradationateofteulchiltal communitymodelanalsisfurtherrevealedthatteassemblymechanismsofmicrobialcommunitisdynamicallysitdacrosdadatio stages：stochasticprocesdominatdinthitialandlatepases，iledeteistfctorssuchsulchfiltyendegdation products）playedamajorroleinthemidlephase.ThisstudydemonstratesthatPLAandPPCcanregulatePBATdegradationrates throughmicrofiberformation，andmicrobialcommunitydynamicsarecloselylinkedtothedegradationofmaterialcompoents.

Keywords：biodegradablemulch;polybutylenedipate/terephthalate（PBAT）；polylacticacid（PLA）；polcarbonate（PPC）;degradation characterization; soil microbial community

传统聚乙烯塑料地膜因其难降解性而长期存在于环境中，造成了严重的“白色污染”，并对土壤的通气性、水分保持性及农作物生长产生不利影响[-4]。（剩余18170字）