不同碳添加对农田土壤氮素分布、淋洗和 N2O 排放的影响
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中图分类号：X71；X144 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672-2043（2025）10-2617-12 doi：10.11654/jaes.2024-1067
Abstract：Toinvestigatethftsofdiferetarbonditiosonsltrogendistrbutiondossinaesason，fieldeets wereconductedinAnxinCountyHebeiProviceinO3.Sixtreatmentsweresetup，cludingnoertlier（CK），singleaplcatiof chemical fertilizer（NPK），organicfertilizer combined withchemical fertilizer（NPK + O），biochar combinedwith chemical fertilizer（NPK + （204号 B），straw mulching combined with chemical fertilizer（NPK + S）and straw rotary tillage combined with chemical fertilizer（NPK + SS）. The contentsofsoilmorogdaterogen，teacinglosofmorogdaterognndtsifux of N2OinmaizesasonweredeterminedThersultsshowedthatthesoilntratenitrogencontentdecreasedgraduallwiththeinceasing depth in 0-60cm soil layer，buta cumulative peak appearedat8O-1OO cmsoil layer.The content of soil ammonium nitrogen was significantlylwetanthatofntratenitrogen.TeigeststorageamountofioganicnitrogninteO-coilleraseedin the NPK + SS treatmentatmaize mature stage，whiletheloweststorageamount wasobservedintheNPK+Btreatment.Soilnitrogenleaching wasmainlydominatedbynitratenitrogen，hichreachedtheleachingpeakinAugust.heruleofinorganicntrogenleachingaountin maize season was NPK（38.40 kg·hm-²） >NPK + S（31.05kg·hm-²）>NPK + B（25.11kg·hm-²）>NPK+SS（23.51kg·hm-²）>NPK+O （21.13kg⋅hm-2）>CK（12.55kg⋅hm-2） .Among them，the application of organic fertilizer and straw rotary tillage performed best in reducingnitratenitrogenleaching，andbiocharwasmostefectiveinreducingammoniumnitrogenleaching.TheNOaccumulative emissions in NPK+0 ， NPK+B NPK+S and NPK+SS treatments were significantly lower than that in NPK treatment.There was no significant difference among NPK + S， NPK + SS and NPK +. B treatments.The lowest N2O emission was observed in the NPK +（ Otreatment， which was 29.74% lower than thatin the NPK treatment.Overall，thepartialreplacementof chemical fertilizerbyorganic fertilizer，straw returning and biochar addition could mitigate nitrogen leaching and N2O emission，among which the partial replacement of chemical fertilizer byorganic fertilizer was demonstrated to be the most eficacy.
Keywords：straw returning;biochar; organic fertilizer; N20 emission; nitrogen leaching
氮是作物生长所必需的大量营养元素，从20世纪70年代开始，我国氮肥用量逐渐增加，对粮食产量的提高起到了重要作用。（剩余24921字）
