羟基磷灰石稳定场地土壤镉和铅的效果及影响因素分析

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关键词：镉；铅；稳定化修复；羟基磷灰石；浸出浓度；场地土壤中图分类号：X53 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672-2043（2025）10-2598-07 doi：10.11654/jaes.2024-1094

Abstract：Toevaluatetheefectsofvariousenvironmentalconditionsonthestabilizationofcadmium（Cd）andlead（Pb）insoilof developmentlandinLiaoning Province，indorcultivationexperiments wereconductedusingdiferentdosesof hydroxyapatite（ 1% ， 2% （204 4% ， 8% ）to remediate Cd-Pb contaminated soil. The leaching toxicity and occurrence forms of Cd and Pb in the soil were determined to screenfortheoptialamountofhdroxyapaiteforstablatin.Ten，stabilizdsoilaslachedusingdirentpHvalues（4.0，5.5， 7.0， 8.0， 9.0，10.5，12.0，13.0） and liquid-solid ratios（1： 1，2：1，5： 1，10：1，and 20：1 ），and the leaching concentrations of Cd and Pb in the soil were determined to study the efect of hydroxyapatite on the stabilization of Cd and Pb under different environmental conditions. Theresultsshowedthatcomparedwiththetreatmentwithouthydroxyapatite，adinghydroxyapatitecouldreducetheleaching concentration of Cd in soil by 19.9%-64.4%（P<0.05） ，and the leaching concentration of Pb by 36.0%-98.0%（P<0.05）. The stabilization effect of hydroxyapatite on Cd and Pb showed that Cd12.0 ）leaching，under neutral conditions（pH 5.5-10.5），the leaching

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concentrations of Cd and Pb are lower，ranging from and ，respectively. Compared with higher liquid-solidratio（ ，10：1，and ），lowerliquid-solid ratio （1：1，2：1） ）increased the leachingconcentrations of Cd and Pb.The leaching concentration of Cd and Pb was the lowest when the liquid-solid ratio was .Research has shown that hydroxyapatite can effectively alter the occurrence forms of Cd and Pb in soil of site，thereby reducing the leaching concentration of Cd and Pb.Strong acid， strong alkali，and low liquid-solid ratio leaching increase the risk of Cd and Pb releaching from stabilized soil.

Keywords：Cd; Pb; stabilization repair; hydroxyapatite; leaching concentration; site soil

随着我国产业结构优化，大量重污染企业被搬迁或关闭，遗留下场地污染问题，其中东北老工业基地场地重金属Cd、Pb污染问题尤为严重，对Cd、Pb污染场地土壤的修复与评估成为环境科学领域的研究热点[2-3]。（剩余14629字）