维持性血液透析病人10年生存率及影响因素

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10 year survival rate and its influencing factors in maintenance hemodialysis patients

GUO Xuemei，ZHU Zhennan，MING Hongxiu，JING Xueming，ZHANG Heping，YANG Kun，TANG Jincheng，JING Jianying

Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College，Sichuan 637000 China

Corresponding Author  GUO Xuemei，E⁃mail：752685221@qq.com

Abstract  Objective：To investigate the 10⁃year survival rate of MHD patients and analyze its influencing factors，so as to provide reference for improving the survival rate and quality of life of MHD patients.Methods：From January 1，2012 to December 31，2013，220 MHD patients in the Blood Purification Center of the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College were selected and followed up until December 31，2023.Kaplan⁃Meier method was used to analyze the survival rate，the cause of death，and the estimation of the survival curve，and Cox proportional risk model was used to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of patients.Results：The cumulative survival rates of 1，3，5 and 10 years were 90.0%，57.0%，40.0% and 19.0%，respectively.Cardiovascular events and cerebrovascular accidents were the most common causes of death.Multivariate Cox analysis showed that male，diabetes mellitus，systolic blood pressure <140 mmHg before dialysis，temporary intravenous line used for the first dialysis，and hypotension during dialysis were independent risk factors for death in MHD patients （P<0.05）.Conclusion：MHD patients have a very limited life expectancy and a high mortality rate.Male，diabetes mellitus，pre⁃dialysis systolic blood pressure <140 mmHg，temporary intravenous line use for first dialysis，and hypotension during dialysis are independent risk factors for death.

Keywords  maintenance hemodialysis；survival analysis；risk factors；nursing

摘要  目的：探讨维持性血液透析（MHD）病人的10年生存率，分析其影响因素，为提高MHD病人的生存率和生存质量提供依据。（剩余11929字）