蒸汽吹灰器吹扫过程的瞬态模拟与性能优化

打开文本图片集

关键词：蒸汽吹灰器；射流；锅炉清灰；瞬态模拟

中图分类号：TK223.27文献标志码：A

DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202511014 文章编号：0253-987X（2025）11-0144-11

Abstract： Traditional soot blower models cannot simultaneously simulate the internal flow field of the soot blower and the process of soot cleaning. In this study，a soot blower jet model and a soot blower cleaning model are constructed to perform transient simulations on the soot blower jet and the cleaning process of tube bundles with a complete soot blower structure. The effects of factors such as the distance between the soot blower and the tube bundle， tube arrangement patterns，and tube spacing on soot cleaning effectiveness are studied. Indicators such as peak impact pressure and effective cleaning area are introduced to evaluate the cleaning performance. The results show that as the distance between the tube bundle and the soot blower increases from 250mm to 350mm ，the peak impact pressure of the jet on the tube wall decreases，and the maximum effective cleaning area decreases by 67.38% . When the distance increases to 400mm ， the jet essentially loses its cleaning capability. A staggered tube bundle arrangement prevents blow-through and also saves steam compared to inline tube bundle arrangements. Placing the soot blower directly above the symmetry plane of the tubes，where the nozzle-to-tube distance is shorter compared to positioning it between two adjacent tube rows，results in higher peak impact pressure. Both soot blower placement methods perform similarly in cleaning the rear tubes located directly below the soot blower. However，overall，it is preferable to place the soot blower directly above the symmetric plane of the tubes. When the spacing between tubes increases from 70mm to 100mm ，while the obstruction of the first row of tubes to the soot blower jet is reduced，thereby allowing secondary jets to strike the second row of tubes from the side，the jet's longer travel distance increases total pressure loss. Consequently，the maximum effective cleaning area on the side tubes decreases by 10.3% ，and the blow-through zone also expands. Thus，tube bundles with smaller spacing achieve better cleaning results and higher steam utilization efficiency.

Keywords： steam soot blower; jet;boiler ash removal; transient simulation

大型燃煤锅炉都安装了吹灰器，定期清扫管束，长杆式蒸汽吹灰器是应用最广泛的吹灰装置[1-2]长杆式蒸汽吹灰器由内管和外管组成，内管引入吹灰蒸汽，外管布置吹灰孔。（剩余14790字）