数据中心空气冷却和风-液混合冷却的能耗比较

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关键词：数据中心；空气冷却；风-液混合冷却；能耗分析

中图分类号： TB61+1 ；TB69文献标志码：A

DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202511006文章编号：0253-987X（2025）11-0063-10

Abstract：To address the energy consumption differences between new and traditional cooling methods in data centers，this study establishes an energy utilization model for data centers，provides a detailed overview of the key components of servers and cooling systems，as well as one-dimensional and threedimensional coupling modeling methods， performs an in-depth energy consumption analysis of air cooling and air-liquid hybrid cooling system components. Air cooling represents the traditional cooling method，while air-liquid hybrid cooling is a new cooling approach aimed at high-power servers. Under the condition that the dimensions of the server components，chip power，and maximum chip temperature are the same， a comparative analysis of the results from the two cooling methods is conducted to quantify the differences in energy consumption. The calculation results indicate that，compared to traditional air cooling，hybrid cooling reduces total energy consumption by 16. 19% ； hybrid cooling mainly lowers the energy consumption of chiller compressors and server fans. Additionally， due to the absence of an air-water heat exchanger in the liquid cooling system in the case of the hybrid cooling method，the system is simplified and can further enhance the heat transfer eficiency of both the primary and secondary cooling sides of the data center. The air-liquid hybrid cooling method demonstrates a significant advantage in reducing energy consumption.

Keywords： data center; air cooling; air-liquid hybrid cooling; energy consumption analysis

随着数据中心数量的快速增长，加上其能耗高，需制定更严格的法规要求以促使数据中心降低能耗。（剩余14624字）