涡轮泵平衡活塞内消旋肋片对轴向力影响的数值模拟及分析

打开文本图片集

关键词：涡轮泵；平衡活塞；轴向力；消旋肋片

中图分类号：V434文献标志码：A

DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202507005 文章编号：0253-987X（2025）07-0046-10

Numerical Simulation and Analysis of the Effect of Anti-Vortex Ribs or Axial Force in Turbopump Balance Pistons

YANG Tieheng1，XU Kaifu²，JIN Lu2 ，ZHENG Xu1 ，SUN Zhongguol，XI Guang1 （1.School of Energy and Power Engineering，Xi'an Jiaotong University，Xi’an 71oo49，China； 2.Xi'an Aerospace Propulsion Institute，Xi’an 7loloo，China）

Abstract：Through three-dimensional steady-state numerical simulations and orthogonal experimental design，this study systematicall investigates the influence of anti-swirl ribs with varying structural parameters on flow characteristics and axial force within turbopump balance pistons. The flow domain of the turbopump balance piston in a liquid rocket engine is selected as the research object for 3D steady-state numerical simulation，revealing the impact of anti-swirl ribs on internal flow patterns. An orthogonal experimental scheme is designed to evaluate the differential effects of rib width，height，and quantity on axial force. The introduction of anti-swirl ribs significantly alters the internal flow characteristics of the turbopump balance piston. After implementing anti-swirl ribs，the internal flow patterns become more complex，with increased vortex generation in the rotor-stator disk gaps that enhances energy dissipation. This subsequently modifies the internal pressure distribution，leading to notable changes in axial force-achieving up to a 14.3% reduction in axial force within the leakage channel. Among the selected structural parameters of anti-swirl ribs，their influence on axial force，ranked from highest to lowest， is as follows： width，height， and quantity. The first two parameters show ranges of 4.6 times and 3.5 times the corresponding results for the quantity of anti-vortex ribs，respectively. Through optimized anti-swirl rib parameter design，this study improves the operational characteristics of balance pistons，thereby enhancing turbopump stability. The findings provide valuable references for performance optimization of liquid rocket engine turbopumps.

Keywords：turbopump;balance piston；axial force;swirl brake

涡轮泵是液体火箭发动机产生火箭推进力的最重要的部件之一，主要作用提高推进剂的压力，如液氢和液氧，并将它们输送到燃烧室。（剩余15173字）