基于波兰尼个人知识观视角的科学实践合理性与实现路径

摘要：探究式或基于实践的科学教育需要一种哲学依据。波兰尼以个人知识为核心的科学哲学认识论能够提供这一依据。波兰尼的个人知识观具有主体间性、隐性、体现性。强调了以具身心智为基础的科学教学（如体验活动、实验课）的重要性，而这种教学依赖于身体的隐性认知过程，而非信息处理意义上的心智。

关键词：迈克尔·波兰尼；具身知识；隐性知识；科学实践

中图分类号：D73/77;G423文献标识码：A文章编号：2095-6916（2025）04-0140-04

The Rationality and Realization Path of Scientific Practice

from the Perspective of Polanyi’s Personal Knowledge

Wu CuilingHe Xiaojun

（Yulin Normal University， Yulin 537000）

Abstract： Inquiry-based or practice-based science education requires a philosophical foundation. Polanyi’s epistemology， which focuses on personal knowledge， can provide this framework. His conception of personal knowledge is intersubjective， tacit， and embodied. This emphasizes the significance of science education based on embodied mindfulness—such as experiential activities and laboratory classes—that relies on tacit cognitive processes within the body， rather than mindfulness understood purely as information processing.

Keywords： Michael Polanyi; embodied knowledge; tacit knowledge; scientific practice

自2010年以来，探究式科学教育的内涵已扩展至实践。（剩余7732字）