电动车 CO₂ 、R290热泵通用化系统构建及其性能影响特性

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关键词：热泵空调；间接系统；R290；二氧化碳

中图分类号：U463.85文献标志码：A

DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202601003 文章编号：0253-987X（2026）01-0022-09

Construction of Generalized CO2 and R290 Heat Pump Systems for Electric Vehicles and Their Performance Impact Characteristics

CAO Zhijian，ZONG Shuo，ZHANG Yichen，GUAN Yan， WANG Zhiming，YIN Xiang，CAO Feng （School of Energy and Power Engineering，Xi'an Jiaotong University，Xi'an 710049，China）

Abstract： In response to the challenges of Rl34a refrigerant replacement in automotive air conditioning and winter range attenuation in electric vehicles，the generalized indirect heat pump systems for CO2 and R29O were constructed by applying a generalized secondary-loop circuit. Firstly，a simulation model of the generalized CO2 and R29O heat pump air conditioning systems with a secondary-loop were established and experimentally validated. Subsequently，the effects of heat exchanger configuration and water circuit flow rate on the performance of the heat pump system，as well as the performance attenuation characteristics of the generalized systems，were investigated. Finally，a generalized design and control strategy for both cycles were proposed， and the impact of the generalized system on vehicle range was also evaluated. The results indicate that adjusting the water circuit flow rate can effectively mitigate the performance degradation of the generalized systems. By employing a configuration with multiple serially connected heating cores as the indoor heat exchanger and regulating the water circuit flow rate， the heat transfer requirements of both the CO2 indirect system and the R29O indirect system can be simultaneously met. The performance degradation of the R29O system due to generalization was 2.46% ，while the CO2 system achieved optimal performance.

Keywords： heat-pump air conditioning;indirect system;R29O；carbon dioxide

电动汽车是当前能源战略发展的重要载体之一，其当前仍面临冬季续航衰减问题。（剩余15429字）