电动机主轴裂纹失效分析

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Abstract： Analyze the chemical composition， mechanical properties，macroscopic morphology of the fracture， scanning data of the fracture and usage conditions of the failed motor spindle.The results show that the fracture exhibits a fatigue fracture morphology.There are obvious crack sources on the fracture，and obvious fatigue striations in the propagation area.There are X-shaped cracks on the surface of the motor spindle，and the crack propagation direction formsan angleof with the axial direction of the motor spindle.The fracture has the characteristics of torsional fracture.Thecause offailure is thatthe motor spidle generates torsional vibration fatigue cracks under the influence of resonance.

Keywords：motorspindle；torsional vibration；resonance；crack

1 问题的提出

某除尘用增压鼓风机的电动机在运行仅2.5个月时，监控人员发现电动机主轴轴瓦温度突然升高，停机检查后发现电动机主轴有X形裂纹，用PDXUC-320C型超声探伤仪对其进行检测，发现裂纹最深约 53mm ，上下轴瓦均有损伤，将电动机主轴拆下后，发现电动机主轴和筋板上均出现裂纹（见图

1），其中电动机主轴的轴承支撑处产生与轴向呈 裂纹（见图2），轴肩处产生X形交叉裂纹（见图3）。（剩余2763字）