分体式有载分接开关结构可靠性验证及优化

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中图分类号：TM403.4 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-449X（2025）07-0012-10

Reliability verification and optimization of split-type on-load tap changer structure

LI Yuanqi1， GE Yining1， WANG Li1， SHAO Yuhang²， LI Jinzhong³， WANG Ke4，LIU Xuandong1，LI Gang4，LI Geqi4

（1.State KeyLaboratoryofElectrical InsulationandPower Equipment，Xi’an Jiaotong University，Xi’an71O049，China; 2.State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Company High Voltage Branch， Tianjin 30O232， China; 3.State Grid Corporationof China，Beijing100031，China；4.China Electric Power Research Institute，Beijing 100192，China）

Abstract：The on-load tap changer （OLTC） has a risk of electrical faults during switching，potentially leading to accidents. A new split-type design was proposed，in which the switching oil chamber is isolated from the transformer body，theoretically reducing the likelihood of explosions.To validate this de

收稿日期：2024-12-30

基金项目：国家重点研发计划（2021YFB2402100）

sign—particularly the reliability of key isolation structures such as the lead bushing under arc fault conditions—a simulation model was developed using pressure-acoustic and acoustic-structural coupling methods. The effcts of fault energy，fault location，and extreme scenarios where the arc fault impacts the isolation structure near the lead bushing were analyzed. The results show that increased fault energy and a fault source located further from the pressure relief device lead to higher pressure inside the split oil tank. The auxiliary oil tank provides efective protection for the main tank.In extreme cases，the lead bushing remains reliable，but regions such as the oil chamber base and tank connections are prone to stress concentration and potential damage. Based on these findings，structural optimization is shown to improve stress distribution.

Keywords：on-load tap changer;arc fault； separate arrngement； finite element simulation； distributionof pressure；distribution of stress

0引言

有载分接开关（on-loadtapchanger，OLTC）作为电力变压器和换流变压器的核心部件，能够通过档位的调节对变压器的输出电压进行在线切换，使得变压器的输出在不切断负荷的条件下保持相对稳定，在输电系统中发挥着至关重要的作用[1-3]OLTC的切换过程涉及复杂的结构联动以及大量零部件的整体配合[4-5]，其中任何零部件的机械故障都可能导致切换动作的中断，进而引起电气故障[6-8]。（剩余12832字）