放射性肺损伤研究进展：细胞、信号通路与基因调控
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中图分类号：R818 文献标志码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2025.04.001
Progress in the Study of Radiation-induced Lung Injury： Cells， Signaling Pathways， andGeneRegulation
（StateKeyLaboratoryofRadiationMedicineandProtection，SchoolofRadiationMedicineandProtectionofSoochow University， Suzhou215123，China）
Abstract： Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. In cancer treatment， over 65% of patients require radiotherapy either aloneorincombination withothertherapies.Radiation-inducedlung injury isamajorcomplicationduringchestradiotherapy， involvingacomplexpathologicalprocessthatspansmultiplestages，primarilydividedintoadiationpneumonitisandradiationinduced pulmonary fibrosis.Radiationpneumonitis is theearlystageoffibrosis，characterizedbyacute pulmonarytissue inflammation.Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis is thelate stageofradiation-induced lung injury，characterized byhe abnormalactivationofmyofibrobastsandexcessveaccumulationofextracellularmatrix （ECM）.Radiation-inducedpulmoary fibrosis limitstheradiationdoserequiredtoeffectivelykilltumorcellsandisamajorobstacletoimprovingthecureateand qualityoflifeforlungcancerpatients.Althoughtheexact mechanisms arenotyetclear，agrowingbodyofevidencesuggests thatatthegeticevelongdiatio-ducedAamageandeitelial-esechaltrasitio（EMctlyet radiation-induced pulmonaryfibrosis;atthecellularlevel，multiplecelltypesandcytokines playacrucialrole.Damageand diferentiationofalveolareitelacelldasclaredothelialcellstriggertaggegatioofinflammatorandfiboticcels， imbalanceof Th1/Th2 lymphocyteratios，polarizationandrecruitmentof macrophages，andtheformationofmyofibroblasts，all of which playsignificantroles.Tisarticlereviews thecels，signaling pathways，andgeneregulationinvolvedintheprocess ofradiation-iducedlungijuryimingtoexploretheunderstandingofrdiation-nducedpulmonaryfibrosis.Itisoedat this willclarifythekeymolecular mediators that initiateandcontroltheradiation-induced pulmonaryfibrosis response，early diagnosis，andtherapeutictargets，significantlyimprovingtheeficacyofradiotherapyforlungcancerpatientsandreducingthe side effects of radiotherapy for patients with thoracic tumors.
Key words：radiation-induced lung injury;radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis; extracelular matrix;immune microenvironment;cytokines
（ActaLaser Biology Sinica，2025，34（4）：289-295）
放射治疗（radiotherapy）是多发性胸部恶性肿瘤的基本治疗方式，也是非小细胞肺癌（non-smallcelllungcancer，NSCLC）患者的标准治疗方法。（剩余14326字）
