中国奶业生产生命周期温室气体排放评估

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中图分类号：X828；S8-1 文献标志码：A

Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Life Cycle of China’s Dairy Industry Production

HAN Yuqing， FAN Xing

（Instituteof Environmentand Ecology，Shandong Normal University，Jinan25O358，Shandong，China）

Abstract：To accuratelyquantifythe contribution of China's dairy industry production process to grenhousegas emissions，three gas categories （carbon dioxide CO2 ，methane CH4 ，and nitrous oxide N2O），four production stages（feed cropplanting，feed processing，dairyanimal rearing，anddairyproduct processing），and four productionsystems（grazing system，smallholder system，coperative systemand intensivesystem）were distinguished toaccount forthe greenhouse gas emisions of dairy production in China in 2O2O based onthe lifecycleanalysis method.Theresults show that the total greenhouse gas emissions from China’s dairy production in 2O2O amounted to 5.171 53 Φ×107 t （calculated in CO2 equivalents）， CH4 accounted for the largest share of total greenhouse gas emissions，with enteric fermentation in the dairyfarming stage being the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions，and the intensivesystem represented the most significant emiterof greenhouse gases amongthe production systems.In2O2O，the greenhouse gas emission intensities （calculated in CO2 equivalents）for liquid milk，milk powder，and other dairy products produced in China were 1.47， 12.99，and 12.50kg/kg ，respectively. Compared with other production systems，the intensive system had the lowest greenhouse gas emission per unit of raw milk produced.

Keywords：greenhouse gas emission； intensive system； life cycle； dairy production

自工业革命以来，化石燃料燃烧、农业和畜牧业生产、工业生产以及土地利用变化等人类活动导致了大量的温室气体排放，加剧了全球变暖，给生态环境、人类健康以及社会安全带来了严重威胁[1] C为了应对全球气候变化，《巴黎协定》提出把全球平均气温上升幅度限制在 1.5∘C 以内的长期目标；然而，如果食物系统不减少温室气体排放， 1.5∘C 的温控目标难以实现[2]。（剩余14844字）