长时间尺度草地物种多样性-群落稳定性关系及机制

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关键词：时间尺度；物种多样性；群落稳定性；异步性；种群稳定性；统计平均效应中图分类号： .2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-0435（2025）04-1239-10

Abstract：Revealing the paterns，relationships，and potential mechanisms ofchanges in grassland species diversity and community stability on long time scales is one of the core objectives of ecological research.Based on a 40-year long-term monitoring experiment in a typical steppe in Yunwu Mountain，Ningxia，this study used Patrick's species richnessindex，Shannon-Wiener diversity index，and other indicators to measure species diversity.By applying mathematical decomposition methods，community stability was broken down into population stability，asynchrony，compensatory efects，and statistical averaging effects.Using generalinear models and random forest models，the relationships and underlying mechanisms between species diversity and community stability were explored.The results showed that from 1982 to 2O21，both grassand species diversity and community stability exhibited a“unimodal" patern ofchange. Species diversity was predominantly positively correlated with community stability.The diferent mechanisms were allpositively corelated with community stability，with their explanatory power for community stability variation ranked as follows：population stability （ 9 4 % ） > asynchrony （ 8 6 % ） > statistical averaging effect （ 6 4 % ） compensatory effect （ 4 6 % ） . In summary，allfour mechanisms contributed to the maintenance of community stability，but the statistical averaging effect was more critical than the compensatory effect.

Key words： Time scale； Species diversity； Community stability； Asynchrony； Population stability； Statisticalaveraging effect

人类活动和气候变化引起的全球物种多样性的持续减少显著改变了草地生态系统的结构和功能，进而降低了草地生态系统为人类提供服务的能力[1-3，而生态系统维持其功能和服务的能力与生态系统的稳定性密切相关[4-5]。（剩余15066字）