小行星地形探测激光雷达接收光学系统设计

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Design of receiving optical system for asteroid terraindetectionLiDAR

ZHANG Yunfang，ZHUFeihu*，ZHENG Yan，CHEN Jianfeng，HONG Shuai， CAO Zhe，ZHANG Donglai， SHI Guangqing，LI Lin，WANG Li

（Beijing InstituteofControl Engineering，BeijinglO0190） * Corresponding author，E-mail： zhufeihul986@l63.com

Abstract： To ensure that LiDAR met the requirements of temperature range and vacuum environment in thedetection of extraterrestrial terrain and to solve technical problems such as detection blind spots，small detection range，and difficult accurate alignment of the illumination arry and pixel array，this paper proposed a receiving optical system based on a transversal miror，multi-curvature spherical lens，and flat glass. The common optical axis of the transmitting optical system and the receiving optical system was realized by placing a reflector with 80% reflectivity at 45∘ . The blind detection area is avoided by using the characteristics of diffrent radii of curvature in different aperture regions of the multi-curvature spherical lens，and an ultra-wide detection range is realized.Through the optimization of the lens material and lens distance tolerance，the thermal insensitive characteristics of the optical system and the precise control of distortion and focal length are realized. The test results show that the receiving optical system can achieve a field of view of ，a super-wide working distance of 30～300m ，a working temperature range of 0～40∘C ， and can adapt to two working environments of vacuum and atmospheric pressure，and has been successfully applied to the asteroid terrain detection lidar.

Key words： laser radar; receiving optical system; optical design;multi-curvature spherical lens

1引言

相比扫描模式的激光雷达[1-2]，基于盖革模式单光子雪崩二极管（Single-Photon Avalanche Diode，SPAD）阵列的激光雷达具有更高的探测灵敏度、更高的成像角分辨率以及更快的成像速度，在深空探测、三维地形绘制、目标识别等领域有着广泛应用[3-8]。（剩余12819字）