皖北地区冬小麦肥料利用率试验

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中图分类号 S512.1 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-7731（2025）13-0001-04

DOI号 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.13.001

Experimental on fertilizerutilization efficiencyofwinterwheat in Northern Anhui Province

CAOXianghu1 ZHAOYuehua1 LIYunchao1 WANG Yunqi²

（ 1 Qiaocheng District Agricultural Technology Extension Center，Bozhou 236800， China; 2Qiaocheng District Qiaodong Town Agricultural and Rural Development Center， Bozhou 2368Oo， China）

AbstractTo investigate theutilizationefciencyofnitrogen（N），phosphorus （P），and potassium（K）fertilizers for wheat inthelime-concretion black soil regionof Northern Anhui，afield experiment was conductedusing the wheat cultivar HoudeMai981.Five treatments were established： NPK（combinedN，P，and Kfertilization），PK（N-deficient）， NK （P-deficient）， NP （ K -deficient），and CK （no fertilizer）. The wheat agronomic traits，yield and yield components， nutrientuptake，fertilizer use efficiency，and output-input ratio were measured.The results showed that the NPK treatmentexhibitedsuperiorperformancein plant height （78.7cm），stemdiameter（0.69cm），spike length （9.2cm）and spike diameter（5.0cm）.Additionally，theNPK treatmentachieved the highest values in spike number（5.7751milion spikes/hm2），grains per spike （3.42 grains per spike），1O00-grain weight （45.61 g），andgrain yield（8790kg/hm2）. Nutrientuptake ingrains，straw，andwhole plantswasalsohighestunderNPK fertization，withN，P，andKuse efficiencies reaching 42.57% ， 19.67% ，and 44.13% ，respectively. Furthermore， the NPK treatment demonstrated the highestoutput-inputratio （4.79）.These findingsindicatethatbalancedN，P，andK fertilizationsignificantlyenhances wheat yieldand nutrient use eficiency in the studyregion，making itarecommended practice for sustainable wheat production in lime-concretionblack soils of Northern Anhui.

Keywordswheat; agronomic traits; nutrient absorption capacity;fertilizer utilization rate

冬小麦是皖北地区主要种植的粮食作物之一，种植面积较大。（剩余4719字）