大球盖菇高产高效栽培关键技术研究

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关键词：大球盖菇；新品种；栽培条件；产量；多酚氧化酶；DPPH自由基清除率中国分类号：S646 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095-5774（2025）05-0490-05

Abstract：【Objective】Totackletheproblemsofunstableyieldandalowproportionoffirst-grade Stropharia rugosoannulatain Sanming City，Fujian Province，thisresearchaims tooffergudanceforenterprises tocultivate S ： rugosoannulata eficientlyand improve their economic benefits.【Method】By introducing the novel S.rugosoannulata variety'ShenqiuNo.2'characterizedbyhighyieldandsuperioragronomictraits，screening experimentswerecariedout ondiversesubstrate formulas，casing materials，andcultivation modes.Theyieldoffirst-grademushrooms andthe total yield of S☉ ，rugosoannulata were compared，andthe DPPHfree radical scavenging rate offruiting bodies and theactivityof polyphenol oxidase（PPO）were determined.【Result】In thescrening of substrate formulas，Formula3（rice straw：sawdust： waste forage from dairy farms =40% 25% 35% ）demonstrated the optimal performance，with DPPH free radical scavenging rate of 106.79% ，afirst-grade mushroomyield of 3.08kg/m2 ，a total yield of 14.68kg/m2 ，and the PPO enzyme activityof 13.20U/g Inthe screening of casing materials，using Tremella mushroom spent substrate as the casing soil led to the shortest fruiting time（49 days）and the highest first-grade mushroomyield 3.28kg/m2 ），whichwere6 daysshorter and 47.1% higher than those of the control group，respectively.In the cultivation mode screening，the fruiting time in the arched tunnel was 48 days （7 days shorter than the control）， with a first-grade mushroom yield of 4.43kg/m2 and a total yield of 15.06kg/m2 ，both significantly higher than those in open-field cultivation.【Conclusion】The key technology for the effcientcultivationof‘ShenqiuNo.2'inSanming City，FujianProvince，involvesusingasubstrate formulaofricestraw： sawdust：waste forage from dairy farms = 40 % ：25 % 35% ，Tremella mushroom spent substrate residue as the casing soil material，and adopting the large arch shed cultivation mode.

Keywords：Stropharia rugosoannulata;new variety;cultivationconditions;yield;polyphenoloxidase;DPPHfreeradical scavengingrate

大球盖菇（Strophariarugosoannulata）别名斐氏球盖菇、皱环球盖菇、酒红色球盖菇等，是联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO）大力为发展中国家推选栽培的特色农业品种之一[1-3]，也是全球蘑菇贸易中最为突出的十大蘑菇类品种之一，更是我国北部偏低温地区近年来兴起的菌界新星。（剩余6199字）