雪茄烟云雪39的化学组分对根结线虫的防控作用

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中图分类号：S435.72 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1004-390X（2025）04-0010-08

Prevention and Control of Chemical Components from Cigar Yunxue 39 on Root-knot Nematodes

LI Yamei'，JIANQiang'，ZHANG Meifen1，WANG Hongwei'，ZHOU Wenbing²，XU Junju'

[1. College of Tobacco Science， Yunnan Agricultural University，Kunming 65o2o1， China; 2.YuxiBranch ofYunnan Tobacco Company，Yuxi 6531oo，China）

Abstract： [Purpose] To investigate the nematicidal activity and control potential of cigar Yunxue 39 chemical components against tobacco root-knot nematodes， providing a theoretical basis for developing botanical nematicides. [Methods] Using Yunxue 39 as the experimental material， the chemical components extract were prepared by silica gel column chromatography combined with gradient elution.The mortality rate and egg hatching inhibition rate of second-stage juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita were determined through in vitro immersion assays，identifying the active components. Concurrently， pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the control efficacy of the active components against tobacco root-knot nematode disease， while liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （LCMS） was employed to identify the main chemical components. [Results] Yunxue 39 active components exhibited significant nematocidal activity. At a mass concentration of 50.000mg/mL ，the lethal concentration 50（ LC50， was 23.020mg/mL after 72 hours. After seven days， the inhibition rate of egg hatching of M. incognita reached 75.48% . Pot experiment results showed that when the mass concentration of the active components was 46.0mg/mL ， the root-knot control efficacy and relative nematode population control efficacy were 69.00% and 39.20% ，respectively，which was comparable to the control effect of 0.50% abamectin treatment. LC-MS analysis revealed that the main nematocidal compounds in Yunxue 39 active components were neonicotinoids，limonoids， chalcones， quercetin， and maleic acid. [Conclusion] This study confirms that the active components of Yunxue 39 can effectively control root-knot nematodes in tobacco， demonstrating potential for development as an eco-friendly nematicide.

Keywords： Yunxue 39; Meloidogyne incognita; non-targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （LC-MS）

根结线虫病是全球农业生产中造成作物减质降产的一类重要土传病害，其寄主范围广泛，可侵染3000多种植物，对葫芦科、十字花科、豆科、茄科等作物的危害尤为严重，每年可对全球作物生产造成数十亿美元的重大经济损失[1-2]。（剩余11848字）